Pre-Test 2 Flashcards
Risk of congenital heart disease in general population? if another kid has one but isn’t part of a syndrome?
1%
2-6% if another kid had one
20-30% if two kids had one
VSD murmer
Harsh blowing murmur on left lower sternum
MCC of myocarditis in kids
Adenovirus and Cox A
Epstein anomaly murmur
Quadruple rhythm (s3 and s4), murmur of tricuspid regurg, and mid systolic murmur at left sternal border
Spindle shaped swelling of finger joints think what?
Juvenile RA
LVH seen in what cyanotic murmur
Tricuspid atresia (only what with left enlargement
Snowman X-ray with what congenital heart disease
Total anomalous pulmonary return
Single S2 with
TGA
What is TAR syndrome? associated heart defect?
Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius
worry about TOF and ASD
What is Noonans syndrome? worry about?
Male turners
Worry about pulmonic stenosis
AR congenital long QT associated with
Deafness
Good test for Erb-Duchhene palsy
Chest US to look for asymmetric diaphragmatic movement
Bronchiolitis CXR
Patchy infiltrates with flat diaphragms
Complete whiteout on one lung in CXR think
Empyema
Inhalation of gas management
Supportive, monitor pulse ox
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis features
Recurrent lower lobe PNA, hemoptysis, microcytic anemia
BAL with reveal hemosiderin-laden macrophages
Biphasic stridor in a kid who you think has croup think
Bacterial tracheitis
Dirt eating kids can get what infection
Toxocara
When do sphenoid sinuses develop
3-5 years of life
2 sinuses large enough to harbor infection from infancy
Maxillary and ethmoid
Most swallowed foreign bodies lodge where
Below cricopharyngeal muscle at level of aortic arch
What looks like congenital diaphragmatic hernia but stomach below diaphragm
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
Mod persistant asthma
Daily symptoms and nighttime symptoms more than once a week
Acid-base of diarrhea
Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
Stool filled anal canal on X-ray when poor rectal tone in well grown child supports the diagnosis of
functional constipation
Eosinophilic esophagitis tx
Corticosteroids
Malrotation barium xray buzzword
“curly q”
Meconium ileus, think what disease
CF*
ANCA for UC
P-ANCA
Consider what in kid with intractable constipation without soiling
Hirschsprung (rectal manometry can dx)
What is Sandifer syndrome
Bending of neck caused by GERD
Crohn’s triad
Diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain
What is rumination? tx?
Rumination is where patients regurgitate, richer, and reswallow food
Tx is behavioral therapy
Lots of dehydration exam findings without hypernatremia % dehydrated
5-9%
Why hyperglycemia in hypernatremic dehydration
Decreased insulin secretion and cell sensitivity to insulin
First teeth to come in
Mandibular central teeth
Congenital indirect hernia from? Indirect?
Incomplete closure of the processus vaginalis
Indirect from weakness in musculature of inguinal canal
Charcoal works for ingestion of what drugs
Phenobarbital, TCAs, sustained release drugs (theophylline)
Culture for ETEC
sorbitol-MacConkey agar
Small streaks of blood in vomiting after lots of vomiting
Mallory-Weiss tear
Vit A def besides eye stuff
Eye and skin drying
Can also see poor growth and impaired cognition
Preferred test for reflux in kids
esophageal pH probe
Labial fusion in a baby tx
Estrogen cream
Gray d/c in a newborn girl likely
Physiologic d/c related to estrogen withdrawal
Prune belly syndrome
Lax abdominal wall, dilated urinary tract, intra-abdominal testiuclar tissue
- Oligohydramios seen*
- Can also see club feet and congenital hip dislocation*
Labs of Fanconi’s
Glucosuria but normal blood sugar
Abnormally high urine pH w/ hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Mild albuminuria w/ normal serum protein
Kidney stone imaging
Non-contrast spiral CT
Low grade VUR management
Close observation, daily low dose antibiotics, and UA and culture every 3-4 months
Wedge shape w/ UTI on contrast CT of kidney
Acute lobar nephronia (b/w pyelo and an abscess)
When to operate on undescended testicles
6 months of age
Idiopathic hypercalcuria dx? symptoms
serum and urine calcium levels
Symptoms include recurrent gross hematuria (constant microscopic), dysuria, and abdominal pain
MCC of pediatric vulvovaginitis
Chemical
Varicocele cause
Dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus
4 big alports things
Hearing loss
Hematuria (after URI esp, can lead to ESRD)
Ocular abnormalities
Rare –> Leiomyomatosis of esophagus or respiratory tree
How can oligohydramnios cause clubfoot
Constraint deformaties
Barter’s syndrome features
Hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, alkalosis, hyperaldosteronism, and hyperreninemia
Hemihypertrophy associated malignancy
Wilms tumor
