Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pediatrics > CLIPP Cases 2 > Flashcards

CLIPP Cases 2 Flashcards

(100 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Infants born to teen mom risks

A

Lower birth weight, higher risk of vertical transmission, poorer developmental outcomes, and higher risk of fetal death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

APGAR score

A 
Appearance (skin color)
Pulse (heart rate)
Grimace (reflex irritability)
Activity (muscle tone)
Respiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Metabolic risks for SGA babies

A

Hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and polycythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TORCH testing

A

Hepatitis B- Maternal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
Rubella- Maternal and infant rubella titer
Toxoplasma- Infant toxoplasma titer
CMV- Infant urine culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Brain imaging of congenital CMV

A
  • Intracranial calcifications (these appear as bright areas on CT)
  • Diminished number of gyri and abnormally thick cortex (a condition known as lissencephaly or agyria-pachygyria)
  • Enlarged ventricles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Use of bottles at age 2 leads to risk of

A

Dental cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2nd gen antihistamines ok for kids

A

loratidine (Claritin) and cetirizine (Zyrtec)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Typical anemia screening

A

At 12 months and again before starting school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Three core symptoms of ADHD

A

Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When should you begin to screen for DM

A

10 years old every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most elevated BP in children are

A

Not true HTN, but errors in measurement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Labs for a fat young teenager

A

fasting glucose, lipid profile, AST, ALT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Things to ask a kid who passed out

A

Chest pain, trouble breathing, heart beating fast, LOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Most common cause of chest pain in adolescent

A

Precordial catch syndrome - benign sharp pain over left sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 quick things you check in orthopedic exam

A

Strength, muscle bulk, and range of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do you give first Tdap

A

11-12 years old (different from Dtap given to babies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What causes transient tachypnea of the newborn

A

delayed clearance of fluid from the lungs following birth

more common in IDM and c-sections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

APGAR scores acts as

A

mechanism to record fetal-to-neonatal transition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

HR and RR in first and second hour of life

A

First hour: 160–180 per minute, and the respiratory rate is often 60–80 per minute
2nd hour: Heart rate is usually 120–160 per minute, and the respiratory rate is usually 40–60 per minute.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Two most common cyanotic heart defects

A

TOF and TGA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Primary anabolic hormone for fetal growth

A

Insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Target glucose screening for babies prior to feeds

A

> 45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When is urine culture helpful in newborn

A

After 4 days old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

TTN chest xray

A

This x-ray will show “wet” looking lungs, no consolidation, and no air bronchograms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
3 big DDH risk factors
Breech presentation, Females, family history
26
Majority of AE to vaccines come
24-48 hours | Live like MMR and varicella can take 7 days
27
Fever of unknown origin when? Vs fever without a source
Defined as a temperature greater than 38.3 C (101 F) for at least two weeks' duration with failure to reach a diagnosis after one week of evaluation Fever without a source when a complete H and P done and no source identified
28
Kernigs and Brudzinkis positive tests
Kernig's sign is resistance to extension of the knee. | Brudzinski's sign is flexion of the hip and knee in response to flexion of the neck by the examiner.
29
Good Ab for severe UTI in infant (IV)?
Ceftriaxone (or Amp/Gent)
30
Good oral Ab for pyelonephritis
Cephalexin
31
Follow up for resolved severe UTI in kid
Renal and bladder US
32
3 key asthma features
Airway inflammation Mucus hyper secretion Reversible airflow obstruction due to bronchoconstriction
33
What is paradoxical breathing
When force of contraction of the diaphragm exceeds ability of chest wall to expand ribcage, and chest gets drawn inward with inspiration
34
3 stages of pertussis
1. catarrhal stage - 1 to 2 weeks of URI type symptoms 2. paroxysmal stage- 4 to 6 weeks of whooping type cough 3. convalescent stage- episodic cough that may persist for months
35
Significant asymmetry of airway highly suggestive of? Imaging?
Foreign body aspiration | Imaging: Bilateral decubitus or inspiratory/expiratory chest films
36
How long for a cough to be chronic
> 4 weeks
37
What are Dennie-Organ lines
This is the name for the infraorbital creases that appear due to intermittent edema caused by allergies.
38
3 things to help dx sinusitis
1. nasal discharge lasting > 10 days 2. Worsening after initial improvement 3. high fever and purulent nasal d/c lasting more than 3 days
39
Characteristic wheezes of asthma
Musical or polyphonic noises that occur in a continuous fashion during respiration, usually expiratory
40
What is thought to cause ronchi
due to mucus/secretions in the airways.
41
Most specific means of determining asthma
PFT before and after bronchodilator treatment
42
Biphasic response of asthma exacerbation
1. Early that lasts an hour, from mast cells and eosinophils | 2. 2-3 hours after, infiltration that results in epithelial destruction
43
How old to start getting OTC cold meds
2 years
44
Bilateral otitis media with effusion described as
fluid in the middle ear space without signs and symptoms of acute inflammation
45
Denver II tests
Social, language, fine motor, and gross motor
46
Primary concern in viral gastroenteritis
Dehydration
47
Easy way to determine level of dehydration
Weight before illness and weight now (% dehydration)
48
UTI in infant can present with only what
Vomiting
49
acid/base hallmark of pyloric stenosis
A hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
50
3 reasons children are at a higher risk of dehydration than adults
1. Greater surface area ratio 2. Higher basal metabolic rate 3. Higher % of body weight is water
51
Fluid bolus rate in kids
20 mL/kg over 60 minutes
52
Bicarb in DKA? Why creatinine elevated?
Low- elevated ketone acid in blood | Renal function normal, but creatinine elevated due to dehydration
53
Pre-illness weight formula
Current weight / [(100 - % dehydrated) x 0.01]
54
*Maintenance fluid doses*
100 mL/kg/day for the first 10 kg of body weight (x10) 50 mL/kg/day for the second 10 kg of body weight (x10) 20 mL/kg/day for each additional 1 kg of body weight
55
Two most common autoimmune diseases seen w/ DM 1
Thyroid and Celiac dz
56
How old to screen for DM II in kids with risk factors
10 years
57
What must always be considered in a child refusing to walk
Leukemia
58
Transient synovitis association with
recent URI
59
Bone pain in leukemia
More chronic in nature, shouldn't be affected by position
60
Tests for suspected septic arthritis
X-ray, CRP, ESR, CBC and blood culture
61
How long and often should babies breast feed
10-30 minutes every 2 hours
62
Normal RR in newborns
40-60 breaths per minute
63
What causes hepatomegaly in kids with CHF
Decreased RBF leads to systemic congestion
64
Things seen in CHF infant
``` dyspnea with feedings diaphoresis poor growth an active precordium hepatomegaly ```
65
Aortic stenosis murmur
systolic ejection murmur followed by an early diastolic murmur of AI.
66
Why can VSDs be missed in newborns
There is elevated pulmonary vascular resistance
67
3 meds for kids chf
Furosemide, Digoxin, Enalapril or Catopril
68
Posterior neck tenderness seen in what kind of headache
Tension
69
Cushing's triad
HTN, bradycardia, and irregular respirations
70
MCC of ataxia in kids
Post-infectious cerebellitis
71
What do cerebellar hemispheric lesions cause
ipsilateral limb abnormalities, nystagmus, tremor/dysmetria and tend to spare speech.
72
Infratentorial lesion features
cerebellar signs and signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP)
73
Cerebellar hemispheric lesions
changes in muscle tone and DTRs, but usually lead to hypotonia and hyporeflexia.
74
Supratentorial lesions
focal motor and sensory abnormalities on the side opposite to the lesion.
75
How does HSP often present in kids
otherwise well appearing child with bruising and leg pain
76
Lymphadenopathy highly suggestive of lymphoma
Supraclavicular
77
Lab hallmark of HSP? quick description of HSP?
non-thrombocytopenia purpura | self-limited, IgA-mediated, small vessel vasculitis that typically involves the skin, GI tract, joints, and kidneys
78
Where can pain in PID be localized
RUQ (swelling of liver capsule)
79
Classic findings of TCA ingestion in kid
Agitation, cardiac manifestations (especially hypotension), dilated pupils and dry, hot skin
80
Most common accidental ingestion
Acetaminophen
81
What to get accidental drugs out of kids
Catharsis and charcoal
82
Weight gain in first 4 months of life
20-30 grams per day
83
Normal infant HR
100-160
84
Two types of failure to thrive
Organic (underlying disease) Non organic *Underlying cause is inadequate calories to me metabolic needs*
85
How much should kids eat in the first four months of life
100-110 Cal/kg/24 hours in the first 4 months of life.
86
Greasy stool in neonate with FTT consider?
Consider CF
87
hgb neonates and infants
Hgb around 16.5 at birth | 11.2 around 2 months old, starts to rise around 7-9 weeks
88
MCC of abdominal pain in school age children
Functional abdominal pain
89
Two tests to check for Crohns
Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy
90
When is developmental screening recommended
at 9, 18 and 30 months.
91
Mean age of autism diagnosis
48 months
92
Retinopathy of prematurity characterized by
extraretinal fibrovascular proliferation
93
MRI findings of CP
periventricular leukomalacia and thinned corpus callosum
94
Two most common surgeries in SS kids
Tonsillectomy (hypertrophy) and Cholecystectomy (blurbing gallstones)
95
3 things that can be seen in CXR of acute chest syndrome
Multilobar infiltrates (more commonly lower and middle lobes) Effusions Atelectasis
96
peak growth of lymphoid tissues
4-6 years of age
97
S3 gallop indicates
Overloaded left ventricle
98
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in kids
minimal change disease
99
Lipid level in nephrotic syndrome
Hyperlipidemia
100
Hypernatremia in nephrotic syndrome due to
Volume overload | *can also get pseudohypernatremia from elevated TG if blood looks milky*

Pediatrics (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions