Types of T- & B-Cells

Question 1

Th-1
(molecules affected by / molecules secreted / target cells / Host defense / Role in disease / Novel transcription Factor)

Answer 1

1) IFN-y, IL-12 (makes proliferate)
2) IL-2, IFN-y
3) Macrophage activation to be better killer
4) Intracellular pathogens
5) Autoimmunity
6) T-bet (makes proliferate)

Question 2

Th-2
(molecules affected by / molecules secreted / target cells / Host defense / Role in disease / Novel transcription Factor)

Answer 2

1) IL-4 (proliferates)
2) IL-4, IL-13, IL-5
3) Activates M2 macrophages // Mast, eosinophils
4) Helminthes, parasites
5) Allergy
6) Gata-3

Question 3

Th-17
(molecules affected by / molecules secreted / target cells / Host defense / Role in disease / Novel transcription Factor)

Answer 3

1) IL-1, IL-6 (proliferates)
2) IL-17, IL-22
3) Neutrophils (recruitment)
4) Bacteria, fungi (extracellular)
5) Autoimmunity (inflammation)
6) RORyt

Question 4

Tfh (T-Follicular helper cells)

molecules affected by / molecules secreted / target cells / Host defense / Role in disease

Answer 4

1) IL-21 (proliferate)
2) IL-21
3) B-cells / Antibody production
4) Extracellular pathogens
5) Autoimmunity

Question 5

Treg (T-regulatory cells)

molecules affected by / cytokines secreted / Regulators expressed / Novel transcription factor

Answer 5

1) IL-2, TGF-B influence
2) Secrete IL-10, TGF-B
3) Express CTLA-4, CD25
4) FOXp3

Il-2 and TGF-B, with retinoid acid, induce differentiation in periphery (Lymph nodes and GI)
IL-6 inhibits formation —> for TH17

Question 6

Gamma Delta T Cells

Answer 6

• Rare -> less than 5% of T-cells
• In gut mucosa/epithelial
• Peptide specific, not restricted to either MHC I or II

Question 7

Cytotoxic T-Cells (CD8)

Molecules affected by / Cytokines secreted / Killing mechanisms

Answer 7

1) IL-2 activates cloning (from Th1) // IFN increase HLA/MHC expression
2) IFN alpha/beta (prevents virus replication)
3) Use granzymes or FasL/Fas to kill cells
4) MHC-I specific

Question 8

Memory T-Cell

Answer 8

• Some T-cells become memory cells
• Require Ag to reactivate
• Not Naive = faster response time
• IL-7, IL-15 needed to survive

Question 9

Plasma Cell

Answer 9

• Differentiated B cell from Tfh cells
• Abs factory (100-1000 per second)
• Short and long lived types (Short - Tcell independent)
• Ig class dependent — produces specific Ig antibodies
• upregulate CD27

Question 10

Memory B-Cell

Answer 10

• Formed from T-dependent B-cell activation
• CD27, CD45R(0)
• Increase BcL-2 expression (anti-apoptotic)
• Rapid immune response to secondary Ag exposure
• Does not need Ag to survive