Cytokines & Immune Regulators Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cytokines produced by T-cells?

A

IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, IL-17, IL-22, TGF-b, IFN-y

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2
Q

IL-2 (Function, Source)

A

proliferate T cells - CD25 makes high affinity ; activated T cell
Helps activate and proliferate CD8 When secreted by Th1

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3
Q

IL-4 (Function, Source)

A

Turns B-cell -> IgM antibody (B-cell proliferation); Th2 cells ; m2 macrophage proliferation

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4
Q

IL-5 (Function, Source)

A

up regulate eosinophils/Mast; Th2 cells, Mast

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5
Q

IL-17 (Function, Source)

A

increase acute inflammation; Th17, other cells

Antimicrobial activity is prime function

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6
Q

IL-22 (Function, Source)

A

maintain the endothelium barrier and serves antimicrobial function; Th17, NK cells

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7
Q

TGF-b (Function, Source)

A

inhibits T cell proliferation; T-Regs, M2 macrophages

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8
Q

IFN-y (Function, Source, Target)

A

1) Stimulates Th1 proliferation, CLASS II HLA and B7 (CD80) expression
2) Autocrine - activates Th1 and when secreted, either activates macrophages to kill or B-cells
3) Tfh cells - class switch their Abs/Complement binding (ACTIVATE B cell PROLIFERATION)

Also stimulates m1 macrophages when secreted by NK cells

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9
Q

IL-12 (Function/target, source)

A

1) (proliferates Th1 (during immunologic synapse binding) & activates NK cells
2) Secreted by activated APCs

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10
Q

IL-15 (Function/target, source)

A

1) Keeps Memory T-Cells alive

2) Secreted by phagocytes

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11
Q

IL-6

A

1) Proliferates Th17

2) Causes Fever, Acute phase response

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12
Q

IL-1

A

1) Proliferates Th17 ; inflammation response
2) Pro-inflammatory, Fever, Acute phase response
3) Secreted by activated macrophages (M1), neutrophils (DAMPS also increase production)

Vascular permeability

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13
Q

IL-17

A
  • Secreted by Th17

- Proinflammatory, neutrophil response, antimicrobial

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14
Q

IL-22

A
  • Secreted by Th17

- Proinflammatory, neutrophil response, antimicrobial, BARRIER PROTECTION

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15
Q

IL-13

A

M2 macrophage proliferation

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16
Q

CXCR5

A

Activates B-cell and T-cell to move to primary follicle (boundary of lymph medulla and follicle for contact)

17
Q

Bcl-2

A

Anti-apoptotic protein expressed by Memory B-Cells to avoid degradation — allows them to live a long time in the body

18
Q

ICOS / ICOS-L (ligand)

A
  • Tfh needs it in the germinal center to induce differentiation of B-cells
  • co stimulator similar to B7(cd80)
  • Ligand on the B-cell
  • Essential for Tfh function in follicle area
19
Q

Activation-Induced Deaminase (AID)

A

Enzyme responsible for switch recombination in Fc (constant region) —- also, along with Ape I Endonuclease, leads to somatic hypermutation (affinity maturation)

-Converts Cs to Us in Fc region

20
Q

Ape I Endonuclease

A

Enzyme responsible for creating “nick” in DNA after AID enzyme converts Cs to Us –> leads to somatic hypermutation in variable region

21
Q

IL-7

A

Essential for early T-cell development and Memory B-cell survival

22
Q

IL-8

A

Guide neutrophils to inflammation site after migration to tissues from blood vessels

23
Q

TNF-alpha

A
  • Fever, pro-inflammatory, activates vascular permeability

- Secreted by neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes