types of long-term memory Flashcards
episodic, sematic + procedural
episodic - definition and associated brain area
personal memories - declarative
hippocampus
semantic - definition and associated brain area
facts, meaning and knowledge - declarative
temporal lobe
procedural - definition and associated brain area
unconscious memories of how to do things - non-declarative
cerebellum and motor cortex
Episodic memory Herlitz - method, results and conclusion
assessed explicit LTM abilities in 1000 Swedish p’s - found females performed consistently better than males on tasks requiring episodic LTM but no differences for semantic memory
in conclusion episodic and semantic memories are different processes because of the difference in performance
Semantic memory Vicari - method, results and conclusion
case study on 8 year old girl who suffered brain damage during removal of tumour - showed deficiencies in episodic LTM especially in creating new memories but was still about to recall and create semantic memories
-in conclusion EM and SM are in different parts of the brain
Strengths of different stores in LTM
+clinical evidence - famous case studies of Henry Molaison and Clive Wearing are relevant - episodic memory in both men was severely impaired as a consequence of amnesia and had great difficulty in recalling events but their semantic memories were unaffected and their procedural memories were still intact, this supports Tulvings view there are different memory stores and if one is damaged it doesnt affect the others
+real-life application - allows psychologists to target certain kinds of memory to better peoples lives
Limitations of different stores in LTM
-problems with clinical evidence as they’re not perfect and have a serious lack of control of all sorts of variables
-Cohen and Squire disagree with Tulvings division of LTM into 3 types, they argue that episodic and semantic memories are stored together In one store that they call declarative memory
