Types of disinfectants and antiseptics

Question 1

carbolic acid is?

Answer 1

phenol

Question 2

Phenol was first used by?

Answer 2

Lister in the operating room.

Question 3

What is a now rarely used antiseptic or disinfectant because it irritates skin and has a disagreeable odor, but is presently used in throat sprays?

Answer 3

phenol

Question 4

What is not a phenolic but is used instead of hexachlorophene but is not absorbed do no nerve damage?

Answer 4

clorhexidine

Question 5

What is used for disinfecting skin and mucous membranes and is found in some surgical scrubs?

Answer 5

clorhexidine

Question 6

What are some phenols and phenol derivatives?

Answer 6

phenol and clorhexidine

Question 7

oxidize (removes electrons, destroy) cell components -

Answer 7

oxidizing agents

Question 8

What is a good wound irrigant? Is broken down by human catalase so does not harm human cells. Good for anaerobic infections. Used in the food industry.

Answer 8

hydrogen peroxide

Question 9

what is an unstable form of oxygen. Being considered for the disinfection of drinking water. Non-residual. Costly. ???

Answer 9

ozone

Question 10

What sterilizes in 30 minutes, and is used in food processing and in treating medical equipment. Non- residual. Now considered the best chemosterilizer.

Answer 10

peracetic acid

Question 11

What are the three oxidizing agents?

Answer 11

hydrogen peroxide
ozone
peracetic acid

Question 12

What are the halogens?

Answer 12

fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine.

Question 13

What is one of the oldest and best antiseptics, that works against most bacteria, spores and some viruses. Is used to disinfect water eating utensils, air, and wounds.

Answer 13

Iodines

Question 14

an alcoholic solution of a chemical. Does stain.

Answer 14

tincture of iodine

Question 15

combination of iodine and an organic substance usually a detergent. does not stain.

Answer 15

iodophor

isodine, betadine

Question 16

a green gas that is commonly dissolved in a liquid, usually water ?
same infectiveness as iodine.
is used to disinfect: drinking water, swimming pools, sewage, and in some preparations to treat wounds.

Answer 16

chlorine

Question 17

What kills bacteria and fungi but not endospores orviruses?

Answer 17

alcohol

Question 18

Alcohol has a triple action of killing what is it?

Answer 18

denatures proteins, dissolves lipids, and dehydrates cells.

Question 19

Is alcohol good on wounds? If not why?

Answer 19

no, it coagulates proteins and blood and gives bacteria a place to hide.

Question 20

What is alcohol good for?

Answer 20

disinfecting skin surfaces, or cleaning nonliving surfaces.

Question 21

What are oligodynamic (able to work in very small amounts)?

Answer 21

Heavy metals

Question 22

Name the heavy metals?

Answer 22

cooper
silver
mercury
zinc

Question 23

What is used in plants, in lakes as an anti fungal and antialgal agent?

Answer 23

cooper

Question 24

What is 1% silver nitrate used to be used in the eyes of all newborns to prevent gonorrheal infection. Now replaced in hospitals with antibiotic ointment. Used as a cream on burn patients?

Answer 24

silver

Question 25

What is used to coat seeds, in leather preservation, or on small cuts. On cuts it can be washed away or inactivated by organic matter?

Answer 25

mercury

Question 26

What is an anti fungal agent used on skin and in paints. Also used in mouthwash to kill some bacteria and viruses?

Answer 26

zinc

Question 27

soaps, detergents, and quaternary ammonium compounds are?

Answer 27

surface active agents

Question 28

What breaks up oils and grease into small particles. Can be used to de-germ surfaces.

Answer 28

soaps

Question 29

What is stronger than soaps, and may damage cell walls?

Answer 29

detergents

Question 30

What is the most effective surface agent? Is used in mouthwash.

Answer 30

quaternary ammonium compounds

Question 31

Name some quaternary ammonium compounds.

Answer 31

Bacteriostatic, fungicidal, amoebicidal

(EX): Aseptine, Cepacol

Question 32

What is used as antimold agents in shampoos and cosmetics? or food preservatives.

Answer 32

chemical preservatives

Question 33

Name an examples of chemical preservatives for anti mold.

Answer 33

methylparaben, propylparaben

Question 34

Name the examples of chemical preservatives for food preservatives.

Answer 34

sorbic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite.

Question 35

What are among the best antimicrobials? Inactive proteins.

Answer 35

Aldehydes

Question 36

What are the two aldehydes?

Answer 36

formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde

Question 37

What is a gas, is called formalin when dissolved in water?

• toxic carcinogenic
• preserves biological specimens and embalms people
• can sterilize but very slowly so is not good for any other purpose than those listed above.

Answer 37

formaldehyde

Question 38

What is less toxic and less irritating, and is used to sterilize respiratory therapy equipment.
-Take 3-10 hours for sterilize so is usually just used to disinfect.

Answer 38

glutaraldehyde

Question 39

What is a gaseous sterilizing agent. Is poisonous, teratogenic, explosive, and odorless. Takes 4- 18 hours to work followed by a long airing out period.
-Good for: plastics, lensed, instruments, mattresses, pillows, other heat or moisture sensitive materials.

Answer 39

Ethylene Oxide Gas