Chapter 10 continued

Question 1

Problem with treating fungal infections is that they are?

Answer 1

eukaryotic cells.

Question 2

• injectable drug

- used for fungal infections

Answer 2

Amphotericin B

Question 3

Name the drug:

used for systemic fungal infection

Answer 3

Ketoconazole

Question 4

Name the drug:

used for AIDS related mycoses (fungal)

Answer 4

Fluconazole

Question 5

Name the drugs:

used to treat infections in the skin, mouth and vagina. (fungal)

Answer 5

Clotrimazole and miconazole

Question 6

Name the drugs:
dissolves in the blood and CSF.

used to treat cutaneous mycoses (fungal)

usually combined with amphotericin B

Answer 6

Flucytosine

Question 7

Agents to treat protozoal infections are?

Answer 7

Quinine

Matronidazole

Question 8

Drug for:

original drug for treating malaria?

Answer 8

Quinine

Question 9

What do these drugs replace: quinolones, chloroquine and primaquine

Answer 9

Quinine

Question 10

What is widely used amoebicide and general purpose antiprotozoal

Answer 10

Metronidazole

Question 11

Which drug:
-Treats intestinal infections and hepatic disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica

-Also treats Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 11

Metronidazole

Question 12

Mebendazole and albendazole kills?

Answer 12

round worms

Question 13

Pyrantel _________ the muscles of intestinal __________.

Answer 13

paralyzes, roundworms

Question 14

What drug kills tape or fluke worms?

Answer 14

praziquantel

Question 15

What is a veterinary drug that is used for river blindness and lymphatic filariasis in humans.

It is usually used to prevent heart worms in dogs.

Answer 15

Ivermectin

Question 16

The best thing to use for viruses is?

Answer 16

vaccines

Question 17

What blocks HIV binding?

Answer 17

Enfuvirtide

Question 18

What drugs block the flu from binding?

Answer 18

Amantadine + zanamivir + oseltamivir

Question 19

What drug makes herpes viruses repress?

Answer 19

Acyclovir

Question 20

What drug helps RSV lassa fever

Answer 20

Ribavirin

Question 21

reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Answer 21

AZT

Question 22

protease inhibitor

Answer 22

saquinavir

Question 23

An adaptive response in which microorganisms begin to tolerate an amount of drug that would normally be inhibitory.

-This is genetic

Answer 23

Drug resistance

Question 24

Drug resistance for antimicrobials is in?

Answer 24

the microbe – not the host

Question 25

How can microbes can become resistant?

Answer 25

Spontaneous mutations

Acquisition of entire new genes or sets of genes via horizontal transfer from another species (plasmids)

Question 26

-new enzymes
(ex: betalactanase)
-permeability to the drug is decreased.
-Drug is eliminated
(pumped out of the cell)
-Changing the drugs target
-change a metabolic pathway

Answer 26

mechanisms of drug resistance

Question 27

New and effective antibiotics have been slow to come to market:

Answer 27

Antibiotics not economically lucrative

Question 28

• Preparations of live microorganisms fed to animals and humans to improve intestinal biota
• Can replace microbes lost during antimicrobial therapy

Answer 28

probiotics

Question 29

-Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes

Answer 29

Prebiotics

Question 30

• Used to treat recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and ulcerative colitis.
• Transfer of feces from a healthy patient via colonoscopy
• Work is underway to develop a pill containing the species to re-colonize the colon.

Answer 30

Fecal transplants