Types of Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What are examples of chemical changes?
-When wood in a campfire burns.
-When photosynthesis, which is when plants change water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen, occurs.
What is made in each of these processes?
New substances
True or False: It is not always easy to tell if a new substance forms during a change.
True
True or False: There are some clues that you can use to tell if a chemical change has occurred.
True
Precipitate Definition
An insoluble solid formed in a chemical reaction.
What are the six clues that suggest a chemical change is occurring?
-Formation of a gas
-Formation of a precipitate
-Change in colour
-Change in odour
-Change in temperature
-Production of light
True or False: The new substances, or products, that form during chemical changes will depend on the type of chemical reaction occurring.
True
What does understanding the different types of chemical reactions allow you to do?
To identify what products are most likely to form.
What are four different types of chemical reactions?
Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Displacement, and Double Displacement.
What does the name of each reaction provide a clue about?
How the reactants change into products.
What is the chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a new product?
Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction Definition
A chemical reaction in which two or more reactants combine to produce a new product.
What is the general equation in which synthesis reactions can be represented by?
A + B (arrow) AB
Explain what the general equation that synthesis reactions can be represented by means
Two or more reactants (A and B) combine to form one product (AB).
True or False: The reactants in a synthesis reaction may be any combination of elements and compounds, but the product will always be a compound.
True
What is the chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more products?
Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition Reaction Definition
A chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down (decomposes) into two or more simpler compounds or elements.
What is the general chemical equation in which decomposition reactions can be represented by?
AB (arrow) A + B
What might the products in a decomposition reaction be any combination of?
Elements and Compounds
True or False: The reactant in a decomposition reaction will always be a compound.
True
True or False: A decomposition reaction is the reverse of a synthesis reaction.
True
What is the chemical reaction in which a reactive element (a metal or a non-metal) and a compound react to produce another element and another compound?
A Single Displacement Reaction
Single Displacement Reaction Definition
A chemical reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound.
Therefore, a single displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which:
An element takes the place of, or displaces, another element in a compound.
What are the two general chemical equations that single displacement reactions can be represented by?
-A + BC (arrow) AC + B (for single displacement, where A is a metal).
-A + BC (arrow) BA + C (for single displacement, where A is a non-metal).
What do the two general chemical equations that single displacement reactions can be represented by mean?
-The first equation represents a reaction involving a metal replacing another metal.
-The second equation represents a reaction involving a non-metal replacing another non-metal.
In a Single Displacement Reaction, why do metals displace other metals?
Because a metal forms positive ions, and therefore, it must displace the positive ion from the compound so that a new ionic compound can form.
What is the list of elements organized according to their chemical reactivity called?
An Activity Series
Activity Series Definition
A list of elements organized according to their chemical reactivity; the most reactive element appears at the topic and the least reactive element appears at the bottom.
True or False: The most reactive element is at the top of the list, and the least reactive element is at the bottom.
True
A reactive metal will displace or replace a metal in a compound that is __________ it in the activity series.
Below
What is one element on the activity series of metals that is not a metal?
Hydrogen
Why can metals take the place of hydrogen in compounds?
Because hydrogen ions can be positively charged.
True or False: The ion of a non-metal is negatively charged, so it can only be replaced with another non-metal.
True
What is the chemical reaction called in which the positive ions of two compounds change places and form two new compounds?
Double Displacement Reaction
Double Displacement Reaction Definition
A chemical reaction in which the positive ions of two different compounds exchange places, resulting in the formation of two new compounds-one of which may be a precipitate.
What are usually the reactants of a double displacement reaction?
Aqueous solutions of ionic compounds.
What is the general chemical equation that double displacement reactions can be represented by?
AB + CD (arrow) AD + CB
What are the characteristics of a Synthesis Reaction?
Two reactants join to form a single compound.
What are the characteristics of a Decomposition Reaction?
A single compound breaks apart into two or more products?
What are the characteristics of a Single Displacement Reaction?
A reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound.
What are the characteristics of a Double Displacement Reaction?
Two ionic compounds in a solution switch ions and form two new compounds, including a precipitate.
Worksheets under Submission Tab Called “Chemistry Test Review”; Textbook Questions on Page 189 (1-2, 5-8), on Page 193 (1-2) and on Page 196 (1-2)
Depending on comfort level.
