Cells and Tissues-Tissues

Question 1

Number of Cells in the Body of a Human

Answer 1

Somewhere between 75 and 100 trillion

Question 2

Most of the cells in our body are what to perform specific functions?

Answer 2

Specialized

Question 3

What does a cell being specialized mean?

Answer 3

Certain genes are “turned off.”

Question 4

What are the 3 main factors that influence cell differentiation?

Answer 4

1. The Contents of the Cytoplasm.
2. Environmental Conditions
3. Influence of Neighbouring Cells

Question 5

How do the contents of the cytoplasm affect cell specialization? (2 Points) (Include example too)

Answer 5

-The contents of each cytoplasm may vary from cell to cell.
-For example, cells with more vacuoles will allow the cell to use more energy as it grows.

Question 6

How do environmental conditions affect cell specialization? (1 sentence)

Answer 6

Temperature and nutrient availability are two examples of environmental factors that can alter a cell’s function.

Question 7

How do neighbouring cells affect cell specialization? (2 points)

Answer 7

-When cells are close together, substances they produce can diffuse into the neighbouring cell.
-It is possible that the substance will change how the DNA of the cell is being expressed.

Question 8

Tissues Definition

Answer 8

A group of specialized cells.

Question 9

What is the organization of the body of an animal and a human?

Answer 9

Cells-Tissues-Organs-Systems

Question 10

What are the four main types of tissue?

Answer 10

1. Epithelial
2. Muscle
3. Nervous
4. Connective

Question 11

What does Epithelial tissue do? (2 Points)

Answer 11

-Lines the surface of the body, both as a body covering and between internal organs.
-Made of cells with strong connections between adjoining cell membranes, so they form a barrier.

Question 12

What are 2 types of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 12

-Skin Epithelia
-Columnar Epithelia

Question 13

Characteristics of Skin Epithelia (1 point)?

Answer 13

-Made of thin, flat cells that form sheets and act as a semi-permeable barrier between the inside and outside of a body.

Question 14

Characteristics of Columnar Epithelia (2 points)?

Answer 14

-Made of columns of cells that line the small intestine, the stomach, and glands.
-May secrete mucus, have finger-like projections called cilia, and or absorb materials.

Question 15

What does Muscle tissue do? (2 Points)

Answer 15

-Designed to change their shape.
-Act by shortening or lengthening.

Question 16

What are 3 types of Muscle Tissue?

Answer 16

-Skeletal Muscle
-Smooth Muscle
-Cardiac Muscle

Question 17

Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle (3 Points)

Answer 17

-Made of cells that line up in the same direction, making the tissue look striped or striated.
-Attaches to bone, making it possible for the body to move.
-Is found in limbs, like arms and legs, and places where the body needs support, such as around the lower abdomen and back.

Question 18

Characteristics of Smooth Muscle (3 Points)

Answer 18

-Made of cells that are tapered at both ends and do not have a striated appearance.
-Is found in blood vessels and walls of internal organs like the esophagus and stomach.
-Contracts more slowly than skeletal muscle, but its action can be sustained for a long time.

Question 19

Characteristics of Cardiac Muscle (4 Points)

Answer 19

-Made of cells whose nuclei sometimes appear to be between cells.
-Are branched and unevenly striated.
-Contracts as a unit.
-Found only in the heart.

Question 20

What does Nervous Tissue do? (2 Points)

Answer 20

-Made of cells called neurons, which have finger-like projections to receive and transfer signals.
-Coordinates body actions

Question 21

Characteristics of Nervous Tissue (1 point and 2 subpoints)

Answer 21

-Are varied in their actions:
-Some relay signals from the brain or spinal cord to muscles and glands.
-Others detect information from their environment and trigger the body’s responses.

Question 22

What does Connective Tissue do? (2 Points)

Answer 22

-Strengthens, supports, protects, binds, or connects cells and tissues.
-Consists of cells in an extracellular matrix that can range from a liquid (in blood) to elastic materials that can stretch (in ligaments) to mineral deposits (in bone).

Question 23

Three Types of Connective Tissue

Answer 23

-Bone
-Fat (Adipose Tissue)
-Blood

Question 24

Characteristics of Bone (2 Points)

Answer 24

-Made of cells surrounded by calcium-hardened tissue through which blood cells run.
-Needed for movement, support, and protection.

Question 25

Characteristics of Fat (3 Points)

Answer 25

-Made of large, tightly packed cells.
-Found under the skin and around the organs.
-Needed for energy storage, padding, and insulation.

Question 26

Characteristics of Blood (4 points)

Answer 26

-Includes red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet within a straw-coloured liquid matrix called plasma.
-Transports nutrients and oxygen.
-Clots when the skin is cut.
-Attacks invaders such as bacteria and viruses.

Question 27

Stem Cell Definition

Answer 27

An unspecialized cell that can produce various specialized cells.

Question 28

Textbook Question #2 on page 92.

Answer 28

Depending on comfort level.

Question 29

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 2?

Answer 29

Columnar Epithelia

Question 30

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 3?

Answer 30

Skeletal Muscle

Question 31

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 4?

Answer 31

Bone

Question 32

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 5?

Answer 32

Smooth Muscle

Question 33

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 6?

Answer 33

Cardiac Muscle

Question 34

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 7?

Answer 34

Nervous Tissue

Question 35

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 8?

Answer 35

Skin Epithelia

Question 36

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 9?

Answer 36

Fat (Adipose) Tissue

Question 37

What Type of Tissue is on Slide 10?

Answer 37

Blood