Ionic Compounds Flashcards
Ionic Compound Definition
A compound composed of oppositely charged ions.
Elements can combine to make ionic compounds when their atoms:
Lose or gain electrons
What do atoms become when they lose or gain electrons?
Charged Particles called Ions
Ion Definition
A charged particle formed from the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
What do atoms form when they lose electrons?
Positively charged ions called cations.
Cation Definition
A positively charged ion.
What do atoms form when they gain electrons?
Negatively charged ions called anions.
Anion Definition
A negatively charged ion.
What happens when an ionic compound forms?
One or more electrons from one atom are transferred to another atom.
Where does an ionic bond form?
Between oppositely charged ions, creating a neutral compound.
What does the loss and gain of electron allow each atom to do?
Form a full outer energy level of electrons and, therefore, become more stable.
What do Scientists often refer to this arrangement as?
A Stable Octet
Why do scientists call this arrangement that?
Because all noble gases, except helium, have eight electrons in their outer energy level; noble gases are the least reactive (most stable) elements.
What are ionic compounds usually composed of?
The ions of a metal and one or more nonmetals.
True or False: Metals are found on the left-hand side of the periodic table and tend to lose electrons to form cations
True
True or False: Non-metals, except for hydrogen, are found on the righthand side of the periodic table and tend to gain electrons to form anions.
True
What does one important pattern involve related to the arrangement of electrons in atoms in the periodic tables?
The number of valence electrons.
Valence Electron Definition
An electron in the outermost occupied energy level.
True or False: Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
True
What is involved in the chemical bonding between elements?
Valence Electrons
What does knowing the number of valence electrons help you predict?
The formation of compounds, name the compounds that are formed, and write the chemical formulas for the compounds.
Binary Ionic Compound Definition
A compound composed of a metal cation and a non-metal anion.
Use the worksheets under “Chemistry Unit Test Review” to practice naming ionic compounds when given formula, writing out the chemical formula when given name, and drawing out Bohr-Rutherford and Lewis Dot Diagrams?
(Depending on Comfort Level)
What are metals that have more than one ion charge called?
Multivalent Metals
True or False: Multivalent metals can form different ions, depending on the chemical reaction they undergo.
True
Polyatomic Ion Definition
An ion that is composed of more than one atom.
Ternary Compound Definition
A compound composed of three different elements.
