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Final Review > Mirrors > Flashcards

Mirrors Flashcards

1
Q

Reflection Definition

A

The change in direction of a light ray when it bounces off a surface.

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2
Q

How does light travel as long as it is moving through the same medium?

A

In a straight line.

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3
Q

Medium Definition

A

The substance through which light travels.

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4
Q

Ray Definition

A

A straight line with an arrowhead that shows the direction in which light waves are travelling.

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5
Q

What does Fermat’s Principle predict?

A

The path that light will take after reflecting from a surface or passing through more than one medium.

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6
Q

According to Fermat’s Principle. light follows the path that will take what?

A

The least time.

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7
Q

When light reflects from a surface and remains in one medium, its speed is what?

A

Constant

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8
Q

The path that takes the least time is the what path?

A

The shortest path.

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9
Q

Fermat’s Principle leads to what?

A

The Laws of Reflection

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10
Q

What is a ray of light coming toward a surface called?

A

Incident Ray

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11
Q

Incident Ray Definition

A

A ray of light that travels from a light source toward a surface.

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12
Q

What is the angle measured between the incident ray and a perpendicular line drawn from the point of contact of the incident ray at the surface called?

A

The angle of incidence

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13
Q

Angle of Incidence Definition

A

The angle between the incident ray and the normal in a ray diagram.

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14
Q

What is that perpendicular line called?

A

The Normal

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15
Q

Normal Definition

A

A line that is perpendicular to a surface where a ray of light meets the surface.

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16
Q

What begins at the point of contact?

A

The reflected ray

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17
Q

Reflected Ray Definition

A

A ray that begins at the point where the incident ray and the normal meet.

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18
Q

What is measured between the reflected ray and the normal?

A

The Angle of Reflection

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19
Q

Angle of Reflection Definition

A

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal in a ray diagram.

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20
Q

What lie on the same flat surface, or plane?

A

The incident ray, the normal, and the reflected ray

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21
Q

When you know the angle of incidence, you can predict what because they are the same?

A

The Angle of Reflection

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22
Q

The reflected ray always lies on the plane that is defined by what?

A

The Incident Ray and the Normal.

23
Q

What are these relationships called?

A

The Laws of Reflection

24
Q

The Laws of Reflection applies to what?

A

Light waves and to all other forms of waves, such as sound waves.

25
Q

What do the Laws of Reflection state?

A
  1. The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal always lie on the same plane.
  2. The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
26
Q

What is the object placed in front of a mirror called?

A

An object.

27
Q

What is the likeness that is seen in the mirror called?

A

The image of the object.

28
Q

If you apply the laws of reflection to rays going from the object, you can predict what?

A

Where the image will be and what the image will look like; the characteristics of the image.

29
Q

Plane Mirror Definition

A

A mirror with a flat, reflective surface.

30
Q

What is the type of image where there are no light rays actually going to or coming from the image?

A

Virtual Image

31
Q

Virtual Image Definition

A

An image formed by rays that appear to be coming from a certain position, but are not actually coming from this position; image does not form a visible projection on a screen.

32
Q

What are the four characteristics of an image?

A

-Its location (closer than, farther than, or the same distance as the object to the mirror).
-Orientation (Upright or inverted)
-Size (Same size, larger than, or smaller than the object)
-Type (Real image or virtual image)

33
Q

What are the characteristics of an image in a plane mirror?

A

-Same distance from the mirror as the object.
-Same orientation as object (Upright)
-Same size as the object
-Virtual

34
Q

Concave Mirror Definition

A

A mirror whose reflecting surface curves inward.

35
Q

True or False: You can draw a normal at a point on a curved surface by applying the same rules of reflection for a plane mirror by thinking of the curved surface as many small, flat mirrors.

A

True

36
Q

What is the point at which all the normals meet called?

A

The Centre of Curvature

37
Q

What is the thick horizontal normal that touches the centre of the mirror called?

A

The Principal Axis

38
Q

Principal Axis Definition

A

On a concave mirror, the line that passes though the centre of curvature of the mirror, and is normal to the centre of the mirror.

39
Q

What is the point at which the principal axis cuts the centre of the mirror called?

A

The Vertex

40
Q

Focal Point Definition

A

The point on the principal axis through which reflected rays pass when the incident rays are parallel to and near the principal axis.

41
Q

Focal Length Definition

A

The distance between the vertex of a mirror and the focal point; half the distance from the vertex to the Centre of Curvature.

42
Q

What is the type of image called where the rays actually meet at the image?

A

Real Image

43
Q

Real Image Definition

A

An image that is formed when reflected rays meet.

44
Q

What are the characteristics of an Image for an Object between F and a Concave Mirror?

A

-Farther from the mirror than the object.
-Upright
-Larger than object
-Virtual

45
Q

What are the characteristics of an Image for an Object between F and C?

A

-Farther from the mirror than the object (beyond C).
-Inverted
-Larger than object.
-Real

46
Q

What are the characteristics of an Image for an Object beyond C?

A

-Closer to the mirror than the object (Between C and F).
-Inverted
-Smaller than object
-Real

47
Q

What does the magnification of an image tell you?

A

The size, or height, of the image relative to the object using object and image distances.

48
Q

Magnification Definition

A

The change in size of an optically produced image.

49
Q

Spherical Aberration Definition

A

Irregularities in an image in a curved mirror that result when reflected rays from the outer parts of the mirror do not go through the focal point.

50
Q

Convex Mirror Definition

A

A mirror whose reflecting surface curves outward.

51
Q

What are the characteristics of an Image for an Object in a Convex Mirror?

A

-Closer to the mirror than object (between the mirror and F).
-Upright
-Smaller than object.
-Virtual

52
Q

How to Draw a Ray Diagram for Image in Concave Mirror (3 Points)

A

-Incident ray parallel to principal axis is reflected through focal point.
-Incident ray through focal point is reflected parallel to principal axis.
-Incident ray through C is reflected back through C.

53
Q

How to Draw a Ray Diagram for Image in Convex Mirror (3 Points)

A

-Incident ray parallel to principal axis is reflected as if it came from f.
-Incident ray heading to focal point is reflected parallel to principal axis.
-Incident ray heading to C is reflected back along incident ray

54
Q

Characteristics of Images Based on Results from Calculations

A

Location: Depends on if image distance is greater or less than object distance
Orientation: Image height is Positive if Upright; Image height is Negative if Inverted
Size: Depend on if image height is greater or less than object height.
Type: Real if image distance is positive; Virtual if image distance is negative

Final Review (14 decks)

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