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Memory > Tut 9 > Flashcards

Tut 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is so special about the delay task according to the overview lecture ?

A
  1. Electrode recording in prerfontal coretx !
  2. During delay period highly active
  3. Saccade task is eye gaze task
  4. Anti saccade showed that there is spatial memory active not motor movements !
  5. Graph should be very active during delay -> if it is spatial memory
  6. Graph should break down in the middle if it is motor activity
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2
Q

What is so special about the place cells according to the overview lecture ?

A
  • > place cells are connected to place fields
  • > place cells are connected to landmarks
  • > place cells can be active for more than one enviornment
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3
Q

What does the classical conditining say about semmantic and epsiodic memory ?

A
  • Only episodic memory needs the hippocampus afterwards -> it become not necessray
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4
Q

What does the multiple trace theory say about semmantic and epsiodic memory ?

A
  • Hippocampus is need for episodic memory

- Episodic memory form semmantic memory so it is also dependend on hippocmapus

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5
Q

Is LTP a true paradigm ?

A

YES

  1. if u block gene or protein expression u can not learn
  2. if u block NMDA REC then u can not learn ?
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6
Q

What is the problem with the rescolar wagner model ?

A
  • > Can not explain latent inhibition
  • > Overshadowing an not occur because he does not take any context into account so each compound cue hast equal weight !
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7
Q

What is the function of the VTA ?

A
  • How much we want dopamine
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8
Q

What is the function opidis edrogeneous ?

A
  • How much we like dopamine
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9
Q

What is the function of the OFC ?

A
  • It is about expecting or making prediction of rewards !
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10
Q

What does asymptopic stage mean ? And what are some key components of it ?

A
  • it means slow learning stage regarding visual fields

- it does not transfer to other visaul fields !

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11
Q

Why does it take 10- 15 days till a skill is learned ?

A
  • Because it takes time till the cortex find the area which best represents the information !
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12
Q

What does the digit training task show ?

A

-> Cortical expansion for relevant body movements
-> Cortical decrease of other body parts which are not relevant
Conclusion -> counts for all motor trainings

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13
Q

What are the conclusion of the finger tipping task ?

A
  • > you can improve regarding one sequence but
  • > can not transfer it to another sequence
  • > neither to the untrained hand
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14
Q

How does optogenetics work ?

A
  • Allow specific neurons to be switched off or on via light
    1. (ON) Blue light activates channelrhodopsin
  • positive ions (NA) sodium enter the neuron leads to Depolarization release of neurotransmitter !
    2. (OFF) Yellow light activates halorhodopsin
  • Negative (CL) Chloride enter leading -> Hyperpolrization ! -> inhibiton
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15
Q

What is optogentics good for ?

A
  • It allows to investigate the structure and the function of neural network
  • Healing neurlogical dissorder and restoring vision loss
  • > gene controling via virus injection ! Allowing -> modulate/ control brain activity
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16
Q

What are the 3 phases of OFC activity regarding rewards ?

A
  1. Unexpected -> High activity after respond
  2. Expected/occuring-> High after cue, high after respond
  3. Expected/not occuring-> High after cue and high after not given respond
17
Q

What are the 3 phases of VTA activity regarding rewards ?

A
  1. Unexpected -> High activity after respond
  2. Expected/occuring-> High after cue,
  3. Expected/not occuring-> High after cue and decrease after not given respond
18
Q

What kind of information does the VTA receive ?

A

-> Expected outcome from OFC + actual outcome

+ Dopmaine sgnaling from dorsal striaum (regarding updating)

19
Q

What is the function of the basel ganglia regarding skill learning ?

A
  • > linking sensory and respond together

- > creating a motor plan

20
Q

How does parkinson diesease work ?

A
  • neurons are damged at the basel ganglia
  • can learn cognitive or perceptual skill but realy slow
  • to little dopamine-> less movement
  • > Can do mirror reading
21
Q

How does huntigton syndrom work ?

A
  • neuron damaged in basel ganglia / cortex
  • body parts shaking
  • can learn cognitive or perceptual skill but realy slow
  • increase in dopamine
  • ONLY TASK WHICH WORKED WAS TOWER OF HANOI
22
Q

What are mirror neurons good for ?

A
  • give emathity
23
Q

What is the broken mirrior hypothesis ?

A
  • Autism can not feel empathy if mirror neurons are broken which means we can not imitate
  • explains why autistic people can not copy behavior

Memory (9 decks)

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