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Tut 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the most imprtant part in psychology devlopment ?

A
  1. 19 th century Academic psychology was developed
  2. psychology started with the study of mind
    - based on intorspection + structuralism by Wundt
  3. laiter challanged by William james functunalism
  4. behaviorism redefined psychology then as the study of behavior (based on objective method and experiment)
  5. Cognitive revolution redifined psychology as the study of mind) with better more reliable experimental method
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2
Q

What was the zeitgeits in the 19 cnetury (major events)?

A
  • University Reform in Germany
  • Defeat of Roman empire
  • Baconian resrach style
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3
Q

What happed during the university reform in germany ?

A
  • enlightment and protestant people fought against religion dominance in uni
  • Scholastic method was replaced by new science without interference of the church
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4
Q

What is the scholatsic method ?

A
  • the study/reading without questioning
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5
Q

What happend after the defeat of the roman empire ?

A
  • modenisation of prussia
  • ne university model (wissenschaft and bildung) controlled by a few prof
  • Beginning of industrial revolution
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6
Q

What is the baconian research style

A
  • inductive reasoning
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7
Q

What did wilhelm wundt do ?

A
  • Father of experimetal psychlogy / physiological psychology 1874
  • Psychology should be an expeimental method
  • Psychology is not specific but broad with two key components
  • promoted psychology via books
  • 1879 first lab -> birth of psychology
  • influenced by his teacher helmholz
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8
Q

What are the two key components of psychology according to wundt ?

A
  1. psychophisics
    - > Perception in relation to actual weight of stimuli (weber law)
  2. Folk psychology
    - > investigation of cultural history morlity and language
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9
Q

What were the methods wundt used ?

A
  1. Experimental method
  2. introspection
  3. Historical method
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10
Q

What ist the experimental method (name example of it)?

A
  • measurmenth of length / metal processes / accuracy of memory tasks
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11
Q

What is introspection ?

A
  • Experimental self-observation to gain information of consciousness
  • internal perception is not good
  • experimental perception was good according to wundt
  • It is a method of observation
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12
Q

What ist the histroical method ?

A
  • Studying the human mind (especially higher functions like social behaviour) by investigating the cultural differences
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13
Q

What was william james famous for ?

A
  • wrote principles of psychology
  • Which was adopted by USA universities
  • supporter of introspection and founder of functionalist
  • Also saw continuity between human and animal which leaded him to comparative psychology
  • brought psychology to america
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14
Q

What is functionalism ?

A
  • interested in practical functions of mind / consciousness

- not in sturcture and consistent of mind

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15
Q

What is comparative psychology ?

A
  • comparison of animal and human behavior
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16
Q

What was so special about titchener ?

A
  • Founder of structualism in america - came after william james
  • tried to discover of the human mind via structuralism in combination with introspection
  • but introspection + Structurlism did not influnence entire america because it had many enemies !
  • founder of structuralism
17
Q

Who were the enemies of introspection in america and what were there arguments ?

A
  1. Würzuburg school: human don’t know of their processes of thinking so they can not report them
  2. Functionalism
  3. Gestalt psychology-> the whole is the the some so u can not break done pieces)
18
Q

Who developed psychology in france ?

A
  • Théodule Ribot (william james of france)
  • Questioned Comte
  • > wants French population to know that positivist works without accepting all of Comte’s claims
  • support introspection
19
Q

What is Comte model ?

A

Civilisation went trough three stages

  1. theoretic
  2. metaphysical
  3. positivistic
    - > psychology was part of the second which means it is to old and replaced by biology sociology
20
Q

What is so special about Jean martin charcot ?

A
  • first neurologist
  • Came up with Hypnosis
  • Had troubles with experimental set up which was laiter solved by Delboeuf
21
Q

What was so special about Delbouf ?

A
  • First who identified the problem of demand charcteristics

- That subject knows that he is a subject and act likes it

22
Q

What was so special about Binet and simon ?

A
  • Was a psychologist who wanted to figure out how to meassure intelligence (first intelligence test)
  • Also was the first who came up with comparison of chronological age and mental process
  • Galton started it but failed
23
Q

What was the devlopment of mental probleming ?

A
  • First just informal support trough family
  • 16 th century starting of asylums ( institution of insane)
  • 18 the emlightment asylums became more horspital like
  • 19 th first time to treat milder forms of mental disease
  • used medical and educational treatment
24
Q

What was so special Sigmund Freud ?

A
  • one of the first neurologists
  • Started to do Psychoanalysis
  • Came up with first complete theory of human psycological functioning ->
25
Q

What is psychoanalysis ?

A
  • conversations between the patient and the therapist

- bringing unconsious memories into patient consciousness to free emotional energy

26
Q

Which Methods did sigmund freud use ?

A
  1. Medical case studies:
    - intensive study of an individual within the context of their own world & relations
  2. Intospection:
    - Interpretation of therapist
27
Q

How did psychology in the UK devlelope ?

A
  • Universities were dominated by RCC (chruch)
  • which means humanities and mathematics science
  • 1887 psychology in cambridge (failed) by cattell
  • 1893 psychology in Cambridge by Rivers then Myers
  • 1935 oxford experimental psychology
28
Q

What is so special about james sully ?

A
  • Started the first experimental labortory
29
Q

What is meant by “individualisation” regarding the rise of psychology ?

A
  • shift from group focus to individual
  • “me decade” 1970 focus on achieving personal emotional life instead of becoming rich
  • Enlightment influnced it
30
Q

Defintion of Structualsim:

A
  • to search for structure of the mind via intropection

- u can breaks thinks into pieces

31
Q

What is deductive and inductive reasoning for a method ?

A
  • Method which works with conclusion

History (9 decks)

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