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Tuscany Flashcards

1
Q

What sea is Tuscany located on?

A

Tyrrhenian Sea

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2
Q

What year was the first Super Tuscan released, vintage, winery, producer and wine.

A

Released 1971,

1968 vintage,

Tenuta San Guido winery,

Marquis Mario Incisa della Roccheta, Sassicaia

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3
Q

What are the Chianti sub-zones (7)

A

Rufina, Colli Fiorentini, Montespertoli, Montalbano, Colli Senesi, Colli Aretini, Colline Pisane

Chianti Rufina tends to make elegant wines that can age (J. Robinson)

Colli Senesi mandates min. 75% Sangiovese all others min. 70%

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4
Q

What is Governo

A

refermentation with the juice of dried grapes, it strengthens the wine and initiates malo. Must be indicated on labels as Governo all’uso Toscano

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5
Q

4 DOP’s of Montalcino

A

Brunello DOCG

Rosso di Montalcino DOC

Sant’ Antimo DOC

Moscadello di Montalcino DOC

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6
Q

What was Italy’s first DOC in 1966?

A. Chianti

B. Brunello di Montalcino

C. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

D. Vernaccia di San Gimignano

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano ( Tuscany’s only white DOCG, promoted to DOCG in 1993)

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7
Q

What are the grape requirements for Rosso della Val di Cornia (Val di Cornia Rosso) DOCG

A

min 40% Sangiovese

max combined 60% Merlot and CS

max 20% authorized grapes in Tuscany (except Aleatico)

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8
Q

Ture or False:

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG must be 100% Vernaccia?

A

False

min 85% Vernaccia di San Gimignano

Maximum 15% other non-aromatic white grapes authorized in Tuscany

(Riesling and Sauvignon can make up, separately or jointly, a max. 10% of the wine)

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9
Q

What are the grape requirements for Morellino di Scansano DOCG

A. 100% Sangiovese

B. min. 50% Sangiovese

C. min. 85% Sangiovese

D. Cabernet & Sangiovese blend

E. none of the above

A

C. min 85% Sangiovese (Morellino) + 15% authorized red grapes by the province of Grosseto

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10
Q

Which DOCG has the mandated highest minimum portion of Sangiovese?

A. Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG

B. Suvereto DOCG

C. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

D. Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG

E. Chianti Classico DOCG

A

A. Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG: min 90% Sangiovese

Montecucco DOC: min 70% Sangiovese

  • Vino Nobile di Montepulciano: min. 70% Sangiovese
  • Suvereto: Suvereto is Cab Sauv/Merlot blend or if varietal is stated min. 85% Sangiovese
  • Val di Cornia Rosso: min. 40% Sangiovese
  • Chianti Classico: 80%-100% Sangiovese
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11
Q

What are the grape and aging Requirements for Rosso di Montalcino DOC

A

100% Sangiovese Grosso

may not be released before Sept. 1st following harvest year (approx 10 months)

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12
Q

In what year was Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC established

A. 1983

B. 2013

C. 1994

D. It is not a DOC

A

B. 2013 (before 2013 it was a sub-zone of Bolgheri DOC)

Bolgheri DOC was established in 1983

1994 it was named a subzone of Bolgheri DOC

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13
Q

What is the main grape and aging requirements for Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

A

min 80% Cabernet Sauvignon

aged min 2 years ( 18 months in wood, 225 L barrique) from January 1 of the year following the harvest

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14
Q

What are the Chianti Classico DOCG styles with age and grape requirements

A
  • *Chianti Classico:** May not be released until October 1 of the year following the harvest
  • *Riserva:** Minimum 24 months aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including 3 months in the bottle
  • *Gran Selezione:** Wines must be produced from estate fruit. Minimum 30 months aging from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including at least 3 months in the bottle (new category was approved in 2014 for wines beginning with the 2010 vintage
  • 80-100% Sangiovese (locally Sangioveto)

As of the 2006 vintage white grapes (Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia Bianco) are no longer allowed

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15
Q

What is the importance of the Sant’Antimo DOC

A

It was created in 1996 to give Montalcino producers an outlet for Super Tuscan wines

It is not used much

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16
Q

Describe Alberese soil

A

compact clay and limestone found in the Chianti region.

Albero Synonymous with albariza.

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17
Q

Describe Galestro soil

A

Rocky, schistous clay soil commonly found in most of Tuscany’s best vineyards. Schist: heat-retaining, coarse-grain, laminated, crystalline rock that is rich in potassium and magnesium but poor in nitrogen and organic substances.

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18
Q

What is the name of the bottle that Chianti was traditionally served in?

A

Fiasco

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19
Q

What are the grape requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile)

Maximum 30% combined other red and white authorized grapes of Tuscany (maximum 5% of non-aromatic white grapes and Malvasia Bianca Lunga)

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20
Q

What are the three soil types found in Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Galestro

(just south of town of Montalcino, more elegant & aromatic)

<em><strong>Galestro</strong></em> is coarse-grain, laminated, crystalline rock (schist) with clay

Clay

(southern portion in the Val d’Orcia has heavy clay, potent wines)

Fossilized marine deposits

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21
Q

What are the two main soil types of Chianti Classico?

A

Galestro

(Schistous clay soil)

Alberese

(compact clay and limestone)

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22
Q

Who produces Paleo Rosso and what is the major grape in this?

A

Le Macchiole 100% Cabernet Franc

1989 1st vintage

Messorio: 100% Merlot
Scrio: 100% Syrah

both 1994

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24
Q

What is the name of the only dessert wine DOCG in Tuscany and what are the grape requirements? What grape has this been closely linked to?

A

Elba Aleatico Passito

100% Aleatico. min. 10 days air drying

closely linked to Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

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25
Q

What is the rosé version of Vin Santo called? What grape gives the wine its red hue?

A

Occhio di Pernice

Sangiovese

26
Q

What is the name of the only DOC monopole in Italy? What are the grape requirements here?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

Min 80% Cabernet Sauvignon combined with maximum 20% other grapes suitable for cultivation in Tuscany.

Bolgheri Sassicaia must be aged for a minimum 2 years from January 1 of the year following the harvest, including at least 18 months in 225-liter barriques.

27
Q

What is the traditional dessert bottling of Tuscany and what DOC exports most of it? Which grapes are used in its production?

A

Vin Santo

Vin Santo del Chianti DOC

Trebbiano and Malvasia with Grechetto on occasion.

Sangiovese at a minimum of 50% is used for rosé versions*

(*Occhio di Pernice)

**Vin Santo del Chianti Classico, Vin Santo di Montepulciano, VIn Santo di Carmignano also produce wine

28
Q

In Chianti, what grapes were traditionally blended with Sangiovese before the DOCG laws were rewritten?

A

Malvasia and Trebbiano Toscano

29
Q

What are the DOCGs of Tuscany (11)

A

Brunello di Montalcino (1980)

Carmignano (1990)

Chianti (1984)

Chianti Classico (1984)

Elba Aleatico Passito / Aleatico Passito dell’Elba (2011)

Montecuccio Sangiovese (2011)

Morellino di Scansano (2006)

Rosso della Val di Cornia/ Val di Cornia Rosso (2011)

Suvereto (2011)

Vernaccia di San Gimignano (1993)

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano (1980)

30
Q

What is the name of the clone of Sangiovese in Montalcino? Montepulciano?

A

Brunello (Sangiovese Grosso)

Montepulciano (Prugnolo Gentile)

31
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Suvereto DOCG and what grapes are allowed?

A

Rosso blends from Cab Sauv/Merlot or Varietal-labled wines (min. 85%) from Sangiovese, Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon

31 HA of plantings (GSomm)

32
Q

What are the grape requirements for Carmignano?

A

Rosso only: Min. 50% Sangiovese, with 10-20% Cab Sauv and/or Cab Franc

Max 20% Canaiolo Nero, Max 10% Trebbiano, Malvasia, Canaiolo Bianco, Max 10% Merlot and Syrah

33
Q

Which producer produced the first vintage of Sassicaia? When was this? Who was the person behind it? What grapes?

A

Tenuta San Guido in 1968

Marchese Mario Rocchetta

Cabernet Sauvignon (85%) and Cabernet Franc (15%)

34
Q

What is the minimum requirement of Sangiovese in for Chianti DOCG? Chianti Classico DOCG?

Which has the higher minimum alcohol?

A

Chianti DOCG: 70%-100% Sangiovese (min 75% in Colli Senesi)

Chianti Classico DOCG: 80%-100% Sangiovese

Chianti Classico has the higher alcohol 12%, Chianti 11.5%

35
Q

What producer is responsible for the creation of the Brunello style?

A

Biondi-Santi

  • staunch advocate of the “traditional” style of Brunello
  • Greppo Vineyard: the historic property, includes 5 ha of 40- to 70-year-old vines
  • Brunello di Montalcino Riserva: Greppo vines at least 25 years old; only in exceptional vintages; 36 months in Slavonian oak casks

Brunello di Montalcino Annata: Greppo vines 10-25 years old; 36 months in Slavonian oak casks

Rosso di Montalcino Fascia Rossa: a.k.a. “Red Stripe” made in years when the estate deems the quality of fruit inadequate for labeling as Brunello; 12 months in Slavonian oak casks

Rosso di Montalcino: a.k.a. “White Label”: from 5- to 10-year-old vines; 12 months in Slavonian oak casks

36
Q

What is the name of the only white wine DOCG in Tuscany?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG

37
Q

Antinori produced two major Super-Tuscan wines following Sassicaia, when was this, and who was the person behind it? What grapes?

A

1971 Tignanello (85% Sangiovese, 10% Cabernet Sauvignon, 5% Cabernet Franc)

1978 Solaia (80% Cabernet Sauvignon 20% Cabernet Franc)

Piero Antinori was the person behind it

1990 Guado al Tasso: 50-65% Cab. S, 30-40% Merlot

Guado al Tasso Matarocchio: Cabernet Franc (2007)

38
Q

What smaller DOC is an enclave of the Ansonica Costa dell’Argentario DOC in southern Maremma?

A. Morellino di Scansano DOC

B. Maremma Toscana DOC

C. Parrina DOC

D. Bianco di Pitigliano DOC

A

C. Parrina DOC:

Rosso/Rosato: min. 70% Sangiovese - Bianco/Vin Santo: Trebbiano Toscano, Ansoncia, Vermentino

Varietal wines from Cab Sauv, Merlot, Chard, Sauv Blanc (35HA)

<strong>Maremma Toscana DOC</strong> is a large DOC that extends from the border with Lazio north to Bolgheri (1564HA)

Bianco di Pitigliano DOC​: white only from Trebbiano Toscano (312HA)

<strong>Ansonica Costa dell’Argentario DOC: </strong>white only from Ansonica (9HA)

39
Q

What DOC does Tuscany share with Liguria?

A. Colli di Luni DOC

B. Cinque Terre DOC

C. Colline Lucchesi DOC

D. Rossese di Dolceacqua (Dolceacqua) DOC

A

A. Colli Luni

Sangiovese, Vermentino, are main grapes

majority of vineyards are in Liguria

40
Q

What are the 4 orginal prinicipal villages of Chianti?

A

Radda, Gaiole, Castellina, Greve

(Greve was added later but includes the village Panzano, both in northern portion of zone)

Flavor Profile:

Greve in Chianti has full, concentrated flavors

Radda in Chianti is exceptionally high-toned and elegant

Gaiole in Chianti is known for structure, tannin and bright acidity due to elevation

Castellina in Chianti is richer and more plush due to high proportions of clay

Source Vinepair

41
Q

True or False

Both Chianti DOCG and Chianti Classico DOCG can label their wines Gran Selezione if they meet the requirement?

A

False: Gran Selezione is only for Chianti Classico DOCG

Chianti Classico: 12% abv
Chianti Classico Riserva: 12.5% abv
Chianti Classico Gran Selezione: 13% abv

Chianti: 11.5% abv
Chianti Riserva: 12% abv
Chianti Superiore: 12% abv
Chianti may be labeled by subzone: abv and aging differs in the subzones

42
Q

Match the following wine regions to the correct producer.

Carmignano, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Morellino di Scansano

Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi, Sagrantino di Montefalco

A. Boscarelli

B. Colpetrone

C. Villa Bucci

D. Capezzana

E. Moris Farms

A

A. Boscarelli: Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

B. Colpetrone: Sagrantino di Montefalco

C. Villa Bucci: Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi

D. Capezzana: Carmignano

E. Moris Farms: Morellino di Scansano

43
Q

Mount Amiata is an important geographical feature for which of the following regions?

A. Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
B. Chianti Classico DOCG
C. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
D. Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG
E. Bolgheri DOC

A

A. Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

Mount Amiata rises to 5600ft (1700m) to the south of Montalcino, it collects the summer storms helping to keep the region dry

44
Q

Select the requirement(s) for Chianti Classico Gran Selezione wines

A. Estate-Bottled
B. 30 months aging
C. 36 months aging
D. 13.0% ABV
E. Only indigenous varieties

A

A. Estate-Bottled
B. 30 months aging

D. 13.0% ABV

Cabernet and Merlot are authorized for production

45
Q

The Pomino DOC is located within which subzone of the Chianti DOCG?

A. Colli Senesi
B. Montespertoli
C. Colli Pisane
D. Rúfina
E. Colli Aretini

A

D. Rúfina

Pomino DOC

(74HA, 37,000cases 2017)

Bianco/Riserva/Vendemmia Tardiva: min. 70% Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio and/or Chardonnay

Spumante Bianco/Rosato (also Riserva): min. 70%, Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco and/or Pinot Nero

Rosso/Riserva/Vendemmia Tardiva/Vin Santo Occhio di Pernice - min. 50% Sangiovese, max. 50%, Pinot Nero and/or Merlot

46
Q

The Suvereto DOCG region was carved out of which of the following regions in 2011?

A. Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG
B. Morellino di Scansano DOCG
C. Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
D. Carmignano DOCG

A

A. Val di Cornia Rosso DOCG

rosso only: Min. 40% Sangiovese; max. 60% Cab Sauv and/or Merlot - tiny production (less than 5HA)

  • <strong>Suvereto DOCG:</strong> Rosso only: min. 85% Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Merlot, varietal (min. 85%) Cab Sauv, Merlot, Sangiovese
    • (78HA, 30,000 cases 2017)
  • <strong>Val di Cornia DOC: </strong>Bianco (min. 50% Vermentino), Rosato (min 40% Sangiovese) - Passito ( 100% Aleatico & min. 85% Ansonica)​​
    • ​​​Varietal wines (min. 85%) from Ansonica, Vermentino, Cab. Sauv, Ciliegiolo, Merlot, Sangiovese (15HA)
47
Q

Match the producer to their wines.

Casanova di Neri, Altesino, Mastrojanni, Valdicava, Gaja, Col d’Orcia

A. Poggio al Vento

B. Cerretalto

C. Madonna del Piano

D. Sugarille

E. Montosoli

F. Schiena d’Asino

A

A. Poggio al Vento - Col d’Orcia

B. Cerretalto - Casanova di Neri

C. Madonna del Piano - Valdicava

D. Sugarille - Gaja

E. Montosoli - Altesino

F. Schiena d’Asino - Mastrojanni

48
Q

Match the producer to their Prestige Super-Tuscan

Querciabella, Castello di Ama, Le Pupille, Tua Rita, Fontodi

San Felice, Banfi, Isole e Olena, Tenuta di Biserno, Felsina

Saffredi, Fontalloro, Lodovico, SummuS, Cepparello

Flaccianello della Pieve, Camartina, Vigorello, Redigaffi, l’apparita

A

Tenuta di Biserno: Lodovico Querciabella: Camartina

Castello di Ama: l’apparita Le Pupille: Saffredi

Tua Rita: Redigaffi San Felice: Vigorello

Fontodi: Flaccianello della Pieve Banfi: SummuS

Isole e Olena: Cepparello Felsina: Fontalloro

49
Q

Poggibonsi, Barberino, and Tavarnelle are communes partially included in which of the following regions?

A. Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG
B. Bolgheri DOC
C. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
D. Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
E. Chianti Classico DOCG

A

E. Chianti Classico DOCG

Communes of Production:

Siena: Radda in Chianti, Gaiole in Chianti, Castellina in Chianti, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Poggibonsi

Firenze: Greve in Chianti, Barberino Val d’Elsa, San Casciano Val di Pesa, Tavernelle Val di Pesa

Main Areas

50
Q

Who produces Masseto? What is the varietal(s)?

A

Tenuta dell’Ornellaia

Ornellaia: Cab Sauv, Merlot, Cab Franc, Petit Verdot - 1985
Masseto: 100% Merlot - 1986

Le Serre Nuove dell’Ornellaia: Merlot (about half), Cab Sauv, Cab Franc, Petit Verdot - 1997

Le Volte: Merlot, Cab Sauv, Sangiovese

Ornellaia has been described as Lodovico Antinori’s competitive answer to his cousin Nicolò Incisa’s Sassicaia, and his older brother Piero Antinori’s Solaia - Frescobaldi has been the owner since 2005

51
Q

What large Tuscan company produces Mormoreto, Lamaione, Luce, Giramonte wines under their many estates?

A

Frescobaldi

  • Castello di Nipozzano: Mormoreto - Cab S, Cab F, PV, Merlot, Since 2013 Sangiovese
  • Castelgiocondo: Lamaione - 100% Merlot;
  • Luce della Vite: Luce - Sangiovese and Merlot( - Founded by Mondavi & Frescobaldi, Mondavi sold in 2004)
  • Tenuta di Castiglioni: Giramonte- predominantly Merlot, plus Sangiovese

Pomino, Ammiraglia, Remole, Ornellaia, Masseto, Danzante and Attems (Friuli) are also part of the Frescobaldi Group

52
Q

Castelnuovo dell’Abate, Torrenieri, and Sant’Angelo in Colli are frazioni connected to what famous commune?

A. Greve in Chianti
B. Radda in Chianti
C. Montepulciano
D. Montalcino
E. Bolgheri

A

D. Montalcino

Siena Province

Frazioni’s:

Castelnuovo dell’Abate, Torrenieri, Sant’Angelo in Colle, Sant’Angelo Scalo, Tavernelle, Camigliano

53
Q

Identify A,B,C,D on the map

A

A. Suvereto

B. Carmignano

C. Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

D. Montecucco Sangiovese

54
Q

Match the producer to their Prestige Super-Tuscan

Capezzana, Il Carnasciale, Poggio Scalette, Castello dei Rampolla, Volpaia, Monsanto,

Moris Farms, Grattamacco, Castellare di Castellina, San Giusto a Rentennano

Avvoltore, Il Caberlot, Il Carbonaione, Balifico, I Sodi di San Niccolò

Nemo, Percarlo, Grattamacco, Sammarco, Ghiaie della Furba

A

Il Carnasciale: Il Caberlot (only in magnum) Poggio Scalette: Il Carbonaione

Castello dei Rampolla: Sammarco Capezzana: Ghiaie della Furba

Monsanto: Nemo Moris Farms: Avvoltore

Grattamacco: Grattamacco Castellare di Castellina: I Sodi di San Niccolò

Volpaia: Balifico - San Giusto a Rentennano: Percarlo

55
Q

Who is Giacomo Taschis?

A

Known as the father of Super Tuscan wines he has been credited with having kickstarted Italy’s wine renaissance

responsible for producing Sassicaia, Tignanello and Solaia with the Antinori family

also worked with

Argiano, Castello di Rampolla, Querciabella, Donnafugata and Argiolas

passed away in 2016

56
Q

Tenimenti d’Alessandro produces a Prestige Super-Tuscan “ll Bosco” in the Cortona DOC, what is the varietal?

A

Syrah

Il Bosco is 100% Syrah

Cortona DOC

Rosso: 50–60% Syrah; 10–20% Merlot

varietal 85% Syrah, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Sangiovese

57
Q

Castello d’Albola produces the Super-Tuscan “Acciaiolo” what large Prosecco producing family owns the winery?

A

Zonin Family

Acciaiolo: 65% Sangiovese and 35% Cabernet Sauvignon - 1988

Castello di Albola Estate is situated in Radda at the heart of the Chianti Classico

58
Q

Baron Bettino Ricasoli is credited with creating what style of wine in Tuscany?

A

The Chianti recipe

1872 recipe: 70% Sangiovese, 15% Canaiolo and 15% Malvasia bianca.

Castello di Brolio Winery

Super Tuscan “Casalferro”: 100% Merlot - (the wine was 100% Sangiovese when first released) - 1993

59
Q

There are 5 white only producing regions of Tuscany, there are 3 below, list the other 2?

Ansonica Costa dell’Argentario DOC, Bianco di Pitigliano DOC, Bianco dell’Empolese DOC

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG: Bianco/Riserva - min. 85% Vernaccia

<strong>Moscadello di Montalcino DOC</strong>: Tranquil, Frizzante, Late Harvest - min. 85% Moscato Bianco

<strong>Bianco dell’Empolese DOC</strong>: Bianco & Vin Santo - min. 60% Trebbiano Toscano

<strong>Bianco di Pitigliano DOC</strong>: Bianco, Spumante, Vin Santo - min. 40% - 100% Trebbianco Toscana

(2nd most production behind San Gimignano)

<strong>Ansonica Costa dell’Argentario DOC</strong>: Bianco - min. 85% Ansonica

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