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Portugal Flashcards

1
Q

North Portugal Wine Map

A
  1. Monção e Melgaco - Alvarinho
  2. Baga
  3. Cima Corgo
  4. Sparkling production
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2
Q

South Portugal Wine Map

A
  1. Min. 75% Arinto (Perdernã)
  2. Castelão
  3. Portalegre
  4. Moscatel Roxo/Roxo (min. 85% Moscatel Galego Roxo) & Moscatel de Setúbal (min. 85% Moscatel Graúdo/Muscat of Alexandria)
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3
Q

Which of the following is a major component in the soil structure of the Douro?
A.Schist
B.Clay
C.Granite
D.Limestone

A

A. Schist

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4
Q

Viosinho, Rabigato, Encruzado, and Fernão Pires are all ________ grapes? What is the synonym for Fernão Pires in Bairrada?
A.White
B.Pink
C.Red

A

A. White

Maria Gomes

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5
Q

Which of the following regions is phylloxera-free?
A.Minho
B.Dão
C.Colares
D.Palmela

A

C. Colares

  • chão de areia (sand) prevented phylloxera
  • chão rija (hard soil)
  • Tinto:

In “chão de areia”: Primarily Ramisco

In “chão rija”: Primarily Castelão (farther inland)

Branco: Primarily Malvasia

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6
Q

In what region would you most likely encounter “chão de areia” and “chão rija” soil types?
A.Douro
B.Bairrada
C.Colares
D.Trás-os-Montes

A

C. Colares - Lisboa IGP

chão de areia (sand) and chão rija (hard soil)

“chão de areia”: Primarily Ramisco

“chão rija”: Primarily Castelão - farther inland

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7
Q

What is the largest threat to viticulture in the DOPs of Bucelas, Colares, and Carcavelos? What IGP are they located
A.Phylloxera
B.Drought
C.Fungal Disease
D.Urban Sprawl
E.Early Frost

A

D. Urban Sprawl

Lisboa IGP

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8
Q

Match the Portuguese variety to its synonym used elsewhere.

Albariño, Mencia, Tempranillo, Trousseau, Malvasia

A. Tinta Roriz/Arrogonez

B. Jaen

C. Bastardo

D. Malmsey

E. Alvarinho

A

A. Tinta Roriz/Arrogonez - Tempranillo

B. Jaen - Mencia

C. Bastardo - Trousseau

D. Malmsey - Malvasia

E. Alvarinho - Albariño

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9
Q

What species of oak tree is primarily used for cork production?
A.Quercus alba
B.Quercus suber
C.Quercus robur
D.Quercus petraia

A

B.Quercus suber

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10
Q

What is the major red grape of Alentejo?
A.Castelão
B.Baga
C.Touriga Nacional
D.Trincadeira

A

D. Trincadeira

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11
Q

What are Patamares?
A.Traditional cement troughs used for stomping grapes
B.Pergola-like trellasing used in Vinho Verde
C.Carved terraces in the Douro Valley
D.Glass demijohns used to age Madeira

A

C.Carved terraces in the Douro Valley

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12
Q

Which DOP of the Açores is not authorized to produce fortified wines? The other wines produce fortified wines from red, white or both grapes?
A.Pico DOP
B.Biscoitos DOP
C.Graciosa DOP

A

C. Graciosa

**Pico DOP (most regarded), Biscoitos DOP - fortified whites

varietes: Verdelho, Arinto (Pedernã), Terrantez

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13
Q

Sercial and Cercial are two spellings of the same grape variety also known as Esgana Cão “ Dog Strangler”
A.True
B.False

A

False, they are distinct varietals

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14
Q

What is the DOP of the Minho IGP, where does the DOP fit into the IGP area

A

Vinho Verde DOP - exact geographical boundries

  • Vinho Verde DOP largest in Portugal, 15% of nations acreage - 60,000 HA
  • Subzones: Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva
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15
Q

The blending of Jaen and Touriga Nacional is most common which of the following regions?
A.Douro
B.Dão
C.Alentejo
D.Vinho Verde

A

B.Dão

Tinto: Min. 85% combined Touriga Nacional (min. 15%), Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Jaen, Rufete

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16
Q

What subregion of Alentejo DOP has the coolest climate and a reputation for producing wines of the highest quality?
A.Granja-Amareleja
B.Borba
C.Évora
D.Portalegre

A

D.Portalegre

  • Subzones: Évora, Borba, Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Reguengos, Redondo, Vidigueira, Portalegre
  • Alentejo IGP covers region
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17
Q

What is the southern most IGP on mainland Portugal covering 4 DOP’s, Lagoa DOP, Portimão DOP, Lagos DOP, Tavira DOP

A

Algarve IGP

  • Co-ops dominate production
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18
Q

What is the principal grape of Palmela DOP, what IGP is it located in? What is the other DOP and style produced?
A.Castelão
B.Touriga Nacional
C.Baga
D.Tinta Roriz

A

A. 66.7% Castelão

  • Península de Setúbal IGP
  • Setúbal DOP
  • Styles:
    Licoroso Branco
    Licoroso Tinto
    Licoroso Varietal Moscatel Roxo/Roxo (min. 85% Moscatel Galego Roxo)
    Licoroso Varietal Moscatel de Setúbal (min. 85% Moscatel Graúdo/Muscat of Alexandria)
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19
Q

How were vines traditionally planted in Colares? Why?

A

Traditionally planted in trenches to protect them from the salty marine winds.

20
Q

What is the major noble white grape of the Dão?

A

Encruzado

21
Q

Who is the largest and most storied producer of Moscatel de Setúbal?

A

J.M. da Fonseca

22
Q

What two DOPs are located within Durinese IGP?

A

Douro DOP, Porto DOP

23
Q

What river flows through both the Tejo & Alentejano regions? What is its other name?

A

Tagus (Tejo) River

24
Q

What are the subregions of Douro DOP? Which is the heartland of production, which is the most arid and least planted

A

Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior

  • Cima Corgo: highest vineyard acreage, heartland of production
  • Duoro Superior: hot, arid, sparsely planted
  • Baixo Corgo: coolest wettest area
25
Q

What region do Serra do Marão and Serra do Montemurro mountains surround? What role do they play in the region?

A

Duoro Valley,

They provide a rainshadow to protect the region from the cool wet Atlantic

26
Q

Chaves, Valpaços, and Planalto Mirandés are the subregions of what DOP, what IGP

(Hint: Beyond the Mountains)

A

Trás-os-Montes DOP - Transmontano IGP

region is dry, hot, and mountainous, ripe and full-bodied wines - higher-altitude vineyards can preserve acidity

Douro and Porto were once included in the region, prior to the creation of the Duriense IGP

Trás-os-Montes translates to Beyond the Mountains

27
Q

Baga is the principal red grape (min 50%) of which DOP?

A

Bairrada DOP

  • Baga: high acid and tannins, thicker skin
  • Classico wines have 1.5% more abv
  • Beira Atlântico IGP: Terras do Sicó subzone
28
Q

What is Vinho Verde’s most planted white grape?

A

Loureiro

29
Q

In which DOP is the Monão e Melgaço sub region and what grape is it known for?

A

Vinho Verde DOP - Alvarinho

  • other subzones: Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva
30
Q

Which sub region of Rias Baixas is across the Minho River from Monção?

A

Condado do Tea

31
Q

Tavora-Varosa DOP is primarily known for?

A

Sparkling wine production

  • Terras de Cister IGP “Land of Cistercians”
32
Q

Which DOP of Lisboa is strictly for brandy production?

A

Lourinha DOP. Min 24 months aging and 38% abv

33
Q

What is enforcado vine training and what region would you see it

A

vines have been trained high off the ground, they grow up the trunks of trees, telephone poles, and stakes, creating an overhead canopy. This lessens the risk of fungal disease

  • Vinho Verde DOP - Minho IGP
  • The method is being gradually displaced by trellising systems.
34
Q

Terras de Lafões DOP and Terras de Lafões subregion are located in what IGP, what is the other DOP

A

Terras do Dão IGP

Dão DOP

35
Q

Blending of touriga nacional and jaen is common in what region?

A

Dão

Touriga Nacional is main grape

36
Q

Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Serra da Estrela, Silgueiros, Terras da Azurara, Terras de Senhorím are subzones of what DOP

A

Dão DOP

Serra da Estrela is named for Portugal’s highest mountain range

37
Q

Almeirim, Cartaxo, Chamusca, Coruche, Santarém, Tomar are sub regions of which DOP?

What is the IGP

A

DoTejo DOP

Tejo IGP

  • DoTejo only 1850 ha of production
  • Tejo 22,300 ha of production
38
Q

The below DOP’s are located in the Lisboa IGP, which is used solely for brandy production, what are the other 3 DOP’s that are close to Lisboa

Encostas d’Aire DOP
Óbidos DOP
Lourinhã DOP
Torres Vedras DOP
Alenquer DOP
Arruda DOP

A

Lourinhã DOP - only brandy

Lisboa DOP’s:

Bucelas DOP, Colares DOP, Carcavelos DOP

39
Q

What are the 3 tiers of Portuguese wine laws

A

Wine without Geographical Indication

Vinho: Variety and vintage may appear on the label.

PGI Wines Traditional Term

Indicação Geográfica Protegida (IGP) - Vinho Regional

PDO Wines

Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP)

Traditional Term

Denominação de Origem / Denominação de Origem Controlada

40
Q

What does garrafeira (“private wine cellar”) mean on a label pertaining to tinto, branco, rosado

A

indicates a min. period of aging

  • Tinto (red) garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 30 months, including at least 12 months in bottle
  • Branco (white) and rosado garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 12 months with at least 6 in bottle
41
Q

Portuguese table wines of designated origin may also be labeled reserva, what does it indicate for still and sparkling

A
  • 0.5% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP
  • For traditional method sparkling wines, reserva instead indicates a minimum period of 12 months on the lees prior to dégorgement
42
Q

What does the term Colheita Seleccionada indicate on a label

A

minimum 1% higher alcohol content than that established by the regional appellation

43
Q

Tinta Amarela is also known as?

A

Trincadeira

44
Q

Pederna is also known as?

A

Arinto - lively mineral white

45
Q

Moscatel do Douro a licoroso (fortified) in Duoro Valley falls under Duoro DOP or Porto DOP

A

Duoro DOP

46
Q

Dão aging requiremnts for Tinto

Put the following terms in order and then match the aging requirement and abv

13.5% + 48 months, 13.5% + 42 months, 11% + earliest released wine, 11.5% + 24 months, 13% + 36 months, 11.5% + 36 months

Tinto & Rosado Nobre:

Tinto & Rosado Nobre Reserva:

Tinto & Rosado:

Tinto & Rosado Reserva:

Tinto & Rosado Garrafeira:

Tinto & Rosado Nobre Garrafeira:

A

Tinto & Rosado: 11% cannot be released before May 15 of the year following the harvest

Tinto & Rosado Reserva: 11.5% - 24 months

Tinto & Rosado Garrafeira: 11.5% - 36 months (including 12 months in bottle)

Tinto & Rosado Nobre: 13% - 36 months

Tinto & Rosado Nobre Reserva: 13.5% - 42 months

Tinto & Rosado Nobre Garrafeira: 13.5% - 48 months (including 18 months in the bottle)

Branco: 11% - none

Branco Reserva: 11.5% - 6 months

Branco Garrafeira: 11.5% - 12 months (including 6 in the bottle)

Branco Nobre: 12% - 12 months

Branco Nobre Reserva: 12.5% - 12 months

Branco Nobre Garrafeira: 12.5% - 18 months (including 9 months in the bottle)

47
Q

Carcavelos DOP produces only licoroso (fortified) wines, what does the term vinho abafado refer to

A

The wines are fermented dry, then fortified and sweetened with vinho abafado, a partially fermented must preserved with alcohol

  • Red wines are produced from a combined minimum 75% Castelão and Preto Martinho
  • white wines are a blend of Arinto, Galego Dourado, and Ratinho
  • only 25ha of production left from the Lisboa urban sprawl

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