Portugal Flashcards
North Portugal Wine Map
- Monção e Melgaco - Alvarinho
- Baga
- Cima Corgo
- Sparkling production
South Portugal Wine Map
- Min. 75% Arinto (Perdernã)
- Castelão
- Portalegre
- Moscatel Roxo/Roxo (min. 85% Moscatel Galego Roxo) & Moscatel de Setúbal (min. 85% Moscatel Graúdo/Muscat of Alexandria)
Which of the following is a major component in the soil structure of the Douro?
A.Schist
B.Clay
C.Granite
D.Limestone
A. Schist
Viosinho, Rabigato, Encruzado, and Fernão Pires are all ________ grapes? What is the synonym for Fernão Pires in Bairrada?
A.White
B.Pink
C.Red
A. White
Maria Gomes
Which of the following regions is phylloxera-free?
A.Minho
B.Dão
C.Colares
D.Palmela
C. Colares
- chão de areia (sand) prevented phylloxera
- chão rija (hard soil)
- Tinto:
In “chão de areia”: Primarily Ramisco
In “chão rija”: Primarily Castelão (farther inland)
Branco: Primarily Malvasia
In what region would you most likely encounter “chão de areia” and “chão rija” soil types?
A.Douro
B.Bairrada
C.Colares
D.Trás-os-Montes
C. Colares - Lisboa IGP
chão de areia (sand) and chão rija (hard soil)
“chão de areia”: Primarily Ramisco
“chão rija”: Primarily Castelão - farther inland
What is the largest threat to viticulture in the DOPs of Bucelas, Colares, and Carcavelos? What IGP are they located
A.Phylloxera
B.Drought
C.Fungal Disease
D.Urban Sprawl
E.Early Frost
D. Urban Sprawl
Lisboa IGP
Match the Portuguese variety to its synonym used elsewhere.
Albariño, Mencia, Tempranillo, Trousseau, Malvasia
A. Tinta Roriz/Arrogonez
B. Jaen
C. Bastardo
D. Malmsey
E. Alvarinho
A. Tinta Roriz/Arrogonez - Tempranillo
B. Jaen - Mencia
C. Bastardo - Trousseau
D. Malmsey - Malvasia
E. Alvarinho - Albariño
What species of oak tree is primarily used for cork production?
A.Quercus alba
B.Quercus suber
C.Quercus robur
D.Quercus petraia
B.Quercus suber
What is the major red grape of Alentejo?
A.Castelão
B.Baga
C.Touriga Nacional
D.Trincadeira
D. Trincadeira
What are Patamares?
A.Traditional cement troughs used for stomping grapes
B.Pergola-like trellasing used in Vinho Verde
C.Carved terraces in the Douro Valley
D.Glass demijohns used to age Madeira
C.Carved terraces in the Douro Valley
Which DOP of the Açores is not authorized to produce fortified wines? The other wines produce fortified wines from red, white or both grapes?
A.Pico DOP
B.Biscoitos DOP
C.Graciosa DOP
C. Graciosa
**Pico DOP (most regarded), Biscoitos DOP - fortified whites
varietes: Verdelho, Arinto (Pedernã), Terrantez
Sercial and Cercial are two spellings of the same grape variety also known as Esgana Cão “ Dog Strangler”
A.True
B.False
False, they are distinct varietals
What is the DOP of the Minho IGP, where does the DOP fit into the IGP area
Vinho Verde DOP - exact geographical boundries
- Vinho Verde DOP largest in Portugal, 15% of nations acreage - 60,000 HA
- Subzones: Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva
The blending of Jaen and Touriga Nacional is most common which of the following regions?
A.Douro
B.Dão
C.Alentejo
D.Vinho Verde
B.Dão
Tinto: Min. 85% combined Touriga Nacional (min. 15%), Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Jaen, Rufete
What subregion of Alentejo DOP has the coolest climate and a reputation for producing wines of the highest quality?
A.Granja-Amareleja
B.Borba
C.Évora
D.Portalegre
D.Portalegre
- Subzones: Évora, Borba, Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Reguengos, Redondo, Vidigueira, Portalegre
- Alentejo IGP covers region
What is the southern most IGP on mainland Portugal covering 4 DOP’s, Lagoa DOP, Portimão DOP, Lagos DOP, Tavira DOP
Algarve IGP
- Co-ops dominate production
What is the principal grape of Palmela DOP, what IGP is it located in? What is the other DOP and style produced?
A.Castelão
B.Touriga Nacional
C.Baga
D.Tinta Roriz
A. 66.7% Castelão
- Península de Setúbal IGP
- Setúbal DOP
- Styles:
Licoroso Branco
Licoroso Tinto
Licoroso Varietal Moscatel Roxo/Roxo (min. 85% Moscatel Galego Roxo)
Licoroso Varietal Moscatel de Setúbal (min. 85% Moscatel Graúdo/Muscat of Alexandria)
How were vines traditionally planted in Colares? Why?
Traditionally planted in trenches to protect them from the salty marine winds.
What is the major noble white grape of the Dão?
Encruzado
Who is the largest and most storied producer of Moscatel de Setúbal?
J.M. da Fonseca
What two DOPs are located within Durinese IGP?
Douro DOP, Porto DOP
What river flows through both the Tejo & Alentejano regions? What is its other name?
Tagus (Tejo) River
What are the subregions of Douro DOP? Which is the heartland of production, which is the most arid and least planted
Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior
- Cima Corgo: highest vineyard acreage, heartland of production
- Duoro Superior: hot, arid, sparsely planted
- Baixo Corgo: coolest wettest area
What region do Serra do Marão and Serra do Montemurro mountains surround? What role do they play in the region?
Duoro Valley,
They provide a rainshadow to protect the region from the cool wet Atlantic
Chaves, Valpaços, and Planalto Mirandés are the subregions of what DOP, what IGP
(Hint: Beyond the Mountains)
Trás-os-Montes DOP - Transmontano IGP
region is dry, hot, and mountainous, ripe and full-bodied wines - higher-altitude vineyards can preserve acidity
Douro and Porto were once included in the region, prior to the creation of the Duriense IGP
Trás-os-Montes translates to Beyond the Mountains
Baga is the principal red grape (min 50%) of which DOP?
Bairrada DOP
- Baga: high acid and tannins, thicker skin
- Classico wines have 1.5% more abv
- Beira Atlântico IGP: Terras do Sicó subzone
What is Vinho Verde’s most planted white grape?
Loureiro
In which DOP is the Monão e Melgaço sub region and what grape is it known for?
Vinho Verde DOP - Alvarinho
- other subzones: Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva
Which sub region of Rias Baixas is across the Minho River from Monção?
Condado do Tea
Tavora-Varosa DOP is primarily known for?
Sparkling wine production
- Terras de Cister IGP “Land of Cistercians”
Which DOP of Lisboa is strictly for brandy production?
Lourinha DOP. Min 24 months aging and 38% abv
What is enforcado vine training and what region would you see it
vines have been trained high off the ground, they grow up the trunks of trees, telephone poles, and stakes, creating an overhead canopy. This lessens the risk of fungal disease
- Vinho Verde DOP - Minho IGP
- The method is being gradually displaced by trellising systems.
Terras de Lafões DOP and Terras de Lafões subregion are located in what IGP, what is the other DOP
Terras do Dão IGP
Dão DOP
Blending of touriga nacional and jaen is common in what region?
Dão
Touriga Nacional is main grape
Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Serra da Estrela, Silgueiros, Terras da Azurara, Terras de Senhorím are subzones of what DOP
Dão DOP
Serra da Estrela is named for Portugal’s highest mountain range
Almeirim, Cartaxo, Chamusca, Coruche, Santarém, Tomar are sub regions of which DOP?
What is the IGP
DoTejo DOP
Tejo IGP
- DoTejo only 1850 ha of production
- Tejo 22,300 ha of production
The below DOP’s are located in the Lisboa IGP, which is used solely for brandy production, what are the other 3 DOP’s that are close to Lisboa
Encostas d’Aire DOP
Óbidos DOP
Lourinhã DOP
Torres Vedras DOP
Alenquer DOP
Arruda DOP
Lourinhã DOP - only brandy
Lisboa DOP’s:
Bucelas DOP, Colares DOP, Carcavelos DOP
What are the 3 tiers of Portuguese wine laws
Wine without Geographical Indication
Vinho: Variety and vintage may appear on the label.
PGI Wines Traditional Term
Indicação Geográfica Protegida (IGP) - Vinho Regional
PDO Wines
Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP)
Traditional Term
Denominação de Origem / Denominação de Origem Controlada
What does garrafeira (“private wine cellar”) mean on a label pertaining to tinto, branco, rosado
indicates a min. period of aging
- Tinto (red) garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 30 months, including at least 12 months in bottle
- Branco (white) and rosado garrafeira wines must age for a minimum 12 months with at least 6 in bottle
Portuguese table wines of designated origin may also be labeled reserva, what does it indicate for still and sparkling
- 0.5% higher than the legal minimum established by the respective DOP or IGP
- For traditional method sparkling wines, reserva instead indicates a minimum period of 12 months on the lees prior to dégorgement
What does the term Colheita Seleccionada indicate on a label
minimum 1% higher alcohol content than that established by the regional appellation
Tinta Amarela is also known as?
Trincadeira
Pederna is also known as?
Arinto - lively mineral white
Moscatel do Douro a licoroso (fortified) in Duoro Valley falls under Duoro DOP or Porto DOP
Duoro DOP
Dão aging requiremnts for Tinto
Put the following terms in order and then match the aging requirement and abv
13.5% + 48 months, 13.5% + 42 months, 11% + earliest released wine, 11.5% + 24 months, 13% + 36 months, 11.5% + 36 months
Tinto & Rosado Nobre:
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Reserva:
Tinto & Rosado:
Tinto & Rosado Reserva:
Tinto & Rosado Garrafeira:
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Garrafeira:
Tinto & Rosado: 11% cannot be released before May 15 of the year following the harvest
Tinto & Rosado Reserva: 11.5% - 24 months
Tinto & Rosado Garrafeira: 11.5% - 36 months (including 12 months in bottle)
Tinto & Rosado Nobre: 13% - 36 months
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Reserva: 13.5% - 42 months
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Garrafeira: 13.5% - 48 months (including 18 months in the bottle)
Branco: 11% - none
Branco Reserva: 11.5% - 6 months
Branco Garrafeira: 11.5% - 12 months (including 6 in the bottle)
Branco Nobre: 12% - 12 months
Branco Nobre Reserva: 12.5% - 12 months
Branco Nobre Garrafeira: 12.5% - 18 months (including 9 months in the bottle)
Carcavelos DOP produces only licoroso (fortified) wines, what does the term vinho abafado refer to
The wines are fermented dry, then fortified and sweetened with vinho abafado, a partially fermented must preserved with alcohol
- Red wines are produced from a combined minimum 75% Castelão and Preto Martinho
- white wines are a blend of Arinto, Galego Dourado, and Ratinho
- only 25ha of production left from the Lisboa urban sprawl
