Burgundy Flashcards
What is Bourgogne Mousseux used for
traditional method sprakling reds (Pinot Noir and Gamay)
Where would you find
Chitry, Côtes d’Auxerre, Côte Saint-Jacques, Coulanges-la-Vineuse, La Chapelle Notre-Dame, Le Chapitre, Montrecul/Montre-Cul, Côtes du Couchois, Epineuil, Tonnerre
They are subzones (Geographic Designations) of Bourgone AOP**
- Chitry, Côtes d’Auxerre, Côte Saint-Jacques, Coulanges-la-Vineuse, Epineuil (Rouge,Rosé), Tonnerre (Blanc), Vézelay: Yonne Department (around Chablis)
- La Chapelle Notre-Dame, Le Chapitre, Montrecul/Montre-Cul: Côte d’Or department
- Hautes Côtes de Beaune, Hautes Côtes de Nuits: high slopes
- Côte Chalonnaise, Côtes du Couchois (Rouge): Saône-et-Loire department
- Côte d’Or (Blanc, Rouge)
- **Unless stated in ( ) areas produce rouge, blanc, rosé
Define Climat, Lieu-dit, Cru, Parcel, Clos
Climat: A Burgundian term used to denote “a parcel of vines defined and named to be associated with the wines it produces” a single vineyard in Burgundy and a notion of terroir, and become tracts of land whose wines are shaped not only by location, but by other environmental and manmade conditions particular to the vineyard.. The word climat has been regulated by the INAO for use throughout Burgundy since 1935. There are over 1,200 climats in Burgundy today.
Lieu-dit: Nearly synonymous with climat, a lieu-dit is a named single vineyard, and forms one contiguous parcel within a single commune. Frequently, the names of lieux-dits recall historic uses of the land or former owners
Cru: An imprecise term, cru is used both to denote quality and to indicate a delimited place, the term can carry legal weight or simply evoke popular meaning. Cru derives from croître (“to grow”)
Parcel: A parcel is a single contiguous holding within a vineyard, owned entirely by one grower
Clos: A clos indicates a vineyard enclosed within a stone wall. While there is temptation to assume that these walls were built with foresight of the vineyard’s exactingly prime location, they are basically medieval fences, originally erected to keep animals away from the vines.
Clos de la Roche, Latricières-Chambertin, and Mazoyères-Chambertin surround what 1er cru of Gevrey-Chambertin, name a producer
Aux Combottes
Dujac, Domaine Leroy
Clos de la Roche (Morey-Saint Denis)
Latricières-Chambertin and Mazoyères-Chambertin (Gevrey-Chambertin)
What 2 Grand Crus of Gevery-Chambertin may producers use either name on a label, which is more common to use, name a producer
Mazoyères-Chambertin & Charmes-Chambertin (most common)
Perrot-Minot, Armand Rousseau, Dujac, Dugat-Py, Ponsot, Hubert Lignier
Smallest Grand Cru of Gevrey Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin 2.73 HA
“wines are among the lightest of the Gevrey grands crus but can, and should, be beautifully perfumed: exquisitely floral at their best, with peony aromas in among the cherries.”
“Griotte-Chambertin:
Ponsot (Chézeaux)* 0.89
René Leclerc (Chézeaux)* 0.68
Joseph Drouhin 0.53
Jean-Claude Fourrier 0.26
Claude Dugat 0.16
Marchand Frères 0.13
Joseph Roty 0.08
* The Domaine des Chézeaux actually owns both these parcels of Griotte-Chambertin, but has sharecropping contracts with two domaines, Ponsot and Leclerc.”
What Grand Cru of the Côte de Nuits allows rouge and blanc
Musigny
Domaine Comte Georges de Vogüé owns three-quarters of the entire vineyard, including its sole parcel of Chardonnay, which will be released as Musigny blanc for the first time with the 2015 vintage since the early 90s.
Monts Luisants is a 1er Cru in ________ what white is allowed here and produced by Ponsot
Morey-Saint-Denis
Aligoté
Red and white wines may be produced as Morey-Saint-Denis AOP, but white wines account for less than 10% of the village’s production. One anomaly in the village is the premier cru Monts Luisants: producers may legally bottle Aligoté as Monts Luisants blanc. Ponsot is currently the only estate to do so.
Match the producer to their monopole in Vôsne-Romanee
François Lamarche, Comte Liger-Belair, Domaine de la Romanée-Conti
La Tâche and Romanée-Conti
La Grande Rue
La Romanée
What are the other 2 Grand Crus of Vôsne-Romanee (not Flagey-Echézeaux)
François Lamarche - La Grande Rue
Comte Liger-Belair - La Romanée (.85Ha smallest AOP in France)
Domaine de la Romanée-Conti - La Tâche and Romanée-Conti.
Richbourg and Romaneé Saint-Vivant
True or False
Flagey-Echézeaux does not have a village appellation?
Does it have Grand Crus?
True
2 Grand Crus: Echézeaux and Grands-Echézeaux
Domaine de la Romanée-Conti is the largest land owner in both Grand Crus
Village wines sold as Vosne-Romaneé
Which of these are communes of production for Côte de Nuit-Villages
Ladoix-Serrigny
Brochon
Premeaux-Prissey
Corgoloin
Comblanchien
Remigny
Fixin, Brochon, Premeaux-Prissey, Corgoloin, Comblanchien are the 5 communes for production
Beaune Communes: Ladoix-Serrigny, Remigny
What is the sole rouge and blanc Grand Cru producing of the Côte de Beaune
Corton - largest Grand Cru appelation 160.19 Ha
Côte de Beaune produces more red (57%) than white (43%)
What 3 communes produce Corton Grand Cru, what are the 3 Grand Crus of those communes, which allows red and white
Aloxe-Corton, Ladoix-Serrigny, Pernand-Vergelesses
Corton, Corton-Charlemagne (whites only), Charlemagne (whites only, rarely used)
Aloxe Corton largest production
Corton allows rouge and blanc (only one in Côte de Beaune)
What AOP would you find the lieu-dit Le Rognet et Corton
A. Aloxe-Corton AOP
B. Ladoix AOP
C. Pernand-Vergelesses AOP
D. Saint-Romain AOP
Ladoix AOP
Faiveley’s 2-hectare monopole, the Clos des Cortons Faiveley, is located within this climat.
Communes of production - Ladoix-Serrigny
Corton & Corton-Charlemagne Grand Crus
True or False
Red wines from the Santenots vineyard are labeled as Volnay; white wines are labeled as Meursault
True
Santenots sits in Mersault commune
Red wines from this vineyard are labeled as Volnay; white wines are labeled as Meursault.
__________ owns the largest parcel of Montrachet—2 hectares, or 25% of the total vineyard, all on the Puligny side. Who produces and markets the wine?
Marquis de Laguiche (owner)
Joseph Drouhin
Meursault AOP may produce red wine.
A.True
B.False
A. True
- Pommard, Volnay and Blagny are the 3 red only villages - Côtes de Beaune Villages produces reds only also
Which of the following AOPs is NOT located in the Côte Chalonnaise?
A.Montagny
B.Bouzeron
C.Marsannay
D.Givry
C. Marsannay (Côte de Nuits)
Mercurey (1936), Montagny (1936 - whites only), Rully (1939), Givry (1946), and Bouzeron (1998- white only Aligote)
What are the white only villages of Côte Chalonnaise
Mercurey (1936), Montagny (1936 - white only), Rully (1939 - known for Crémant production), Givry (1946), and Bouzeron (1998 - white only)
What is the largest grand cru in Burgundy?
Corton 160.19 Ha
100% Chardonnay may be produced in Beaujolais AOP.
A.True
B.False
A. True
Which of the following cap management techniques is traditionally used for Pinot Noir in Burgundy?
A.Pumping juice over the cap of grape skins.
B.Punching down the cap of grape skins.
C.Draining the tank completely then refilling over the juice over the grape skins.
D.Stirring the cap of grape skins in the tank.
B.Punching down the cap of grape skins.
Does red Burgundy under go cold maceration or is it avoided
yes
COLD MACERATION (RED WINEMAKING): prior to fermentation red grapes are crushed and kept on their skins at cool temperatures (10-14° C) for days—sometimes a week or more—which, alongside prudent sulfur dioxide additions, preclude the onset of fermentation - good environment for extracting color, produces less astringent tannins, and enhances the development of fruit aromatics in the wine
What are the advantages of Whole-Cluster and Whole berry vinification (Red Winemaking)
- Whole Cluster typically achieves more aeration and cooler temperatures during fermentation, lighter color, slight carbonic notes, and firmer tannins in the final wine
- Whole-berry fermentation, grapes are de-stemmed but not crushed prior to fermentation, can achieve high-toned, floral, carbonic aromatic complexity that results from whole cluster, without risking the green tannins that can prevail if stems are not properly lignified. Stems can also harbor potassium, raising pH in the final wine
- Domaines de la Romanée-Conti and Dujac are high-profile practitioners of whole-cluster fermentation; depending on the site, both domaines may use higher proportions of clusters—up to 100%—in warm vintages, and lower percentages (70-80%) in cooler years.
Do Burgundy vignerons typically crush and destem whites before fermentation
NO
Burgundy vignerons often press whole clusters without crushing the fruit - produces a cleaner, less phenolic must with a slightly lower pH and fewer attendant dangers of oxidation.
However, there are two camps: opponents of whole-bunch pressing believe that crushing—which exposes the juice to oxidation—produces a more complex and more phenolic wine that, counter-intuitively, may shield the wine from “premature” oxidation in the long run
whole-bunch pressing, while producing brighter wines of purer aromatics, may actually be a contributing factor to the lingering “premox” problem in white Burgundy.
Morey-Saint-Denis Map
- Ponsot produces Aligoté here, only vineyard in commune allowing Aligoté
- Clos de Tart - monopole of Mommesin until 2017 then sold to Francois Pinault (CH Latour owner - Artemis Group)
- Domaine des Lambrays (LVMH) owns 99% of the vineyard
* Les Larrets (the core), Meix Reutier (the southeastern corner), and Les Bouchots (the northern sector) - Ponsot, Dujac, Armand Rousseau, Hubert Lignier, Lignier-Michelot
- Clos de La Roche lieux-dits: Les Mochamps, Les Fremières, Les Chabiots, Les Froichots, and portions of the Premier Cru sites Les Genavrières, Les Chaffots and Monts-Luisants
- Grand Crus of Morey-St-Denis: Clos de la Roche (largest 16.06Ha), Clos Saint-Denis, Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays—and a sliver of a fifth, Bonnes Mares (share with Chambolle-Musigny)
Which of the following is a synonym for Chardonnay in Chablis?
A.Beauroy
B.Beaunois
C.Morillon
D.Beaurot
B. Beaunois
The Bonnes Mares grand cru is split between what 2 villages?
A.Chambolle-Musigny and Morey-Saint-Denis
B.Gevrey-Chambertin and Morey-Saint-Denis
C.Chambolle-Musigny and Vougeot
D.Vougeot and Vosne-Romanée
A.Chambolle-Musigny and Morey-Saint-Denis
- Bonnes Mares - 15.06 Ha (1.5ha in Morey-St-Denis)
How many liters are in a pièce?
228 Liters
Burgundian Barrel
In which year did the Jules Lavalle classification take place?
A.1855
B.1860
C.1928
D.1936
A. 1855
Following the success of the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855, Jules Lavalle developed an informal classification of vineyards of the Côte d’Or in his book History and Statistics of the Côte d’Or. In 1861, Lavalle’s classification was formalized by the Beaune Committee of Agriculture.[9] The designations of grand cru and premier cru were later developed and expanded on in the 1930s with the creation of the AOC system
Match the AOP or commune to the correct region.
Côte de Nuits, Côte Chalonnaise, Mâconnais, Côte de Beaune
A. Blagny
B. Solutré
C. Brochon
D. Mercurey
A. Blagny Côte de Beaune - Meursault, Puligny-Montrachet Communes of Production
B. Solutré Mâconnais
C. Brochon Côte de Nuits - sits between Fixin & Gevrey-Chambertin
D. Mercurey Côte Chalonnaise
François Frères is a local Burgundy cooper originally founded in which village?
A.Saint-Aubin
B.Gevrey-Chambertin
C.Saint-Romain
D.Maranges
C.Saint-Romain
Les Genevrières is a premier cru in which village?
A. Saint-Romain
B. Puligny-Montrachet
C. Meursault
D. Chassagne-Montrachet
C. Meursault
- Other 1er Crus: Perrières (encompasses Albert Grivault’s monopole Clos des Perrières), Les Charmes
- Village Vineyards lieu-dits: Comtes Lafon’s monopole Clos de la Barre, Le Tessont, Les Tillets, Les Narvaux, and Chaumes de Narvaux
- Producers: Comte Lafon (Perrières, Les Charmes, Les Genevrières), Coche-Dury (Perrières, Les Genevrières, Caillerets), Thierry-Pascale Martrot (Perrières, Les Charmes), Bitouzet-Prieur, Colin-Deleger (En Remilly)
La Pièce sous le Bois is in Blagny but labels it’s whites what
Meursault Premier Cru
What are the 3 red only villages of Côte de Beaune
Pommard, Volnay, Blagny
- Volnay top 1er Crus: Les Caillerets, Champans, Clos des Chênes, and Taillepieds
- Pommard top 1er Crus: Les Rugiens (Bas section bettere than Haut), Les Grands Epenots, Les Petits Epenots, and Comte Armand’s 5.2-ha monopole Clos des Epeneaux
Côtes de Beaune Villages produce red only also
Blagny whites are labeled as that 2 villages
Meursault and Puligny-Montrachet
Reds: Blagny AOP (rare)
Which of the following is a Bourgogne AOP lieu-dit in the Côte de Nuits?
A.Montrecul
B.Aux Malconsorts
C.Chitry
D.Marsannay
E.Épeneuil
A. Montrecul
La Chapelle Notre-Dame, Le Chapitre, Montrecul/Montre-Cul: Côte d’Or department
Who is the monopole owner of Clos des Ruchottes?
A. Dujac
B. Joseph Roty
C. Rousseau
D. Harmand-Geoffroy
A. Armand Rousseau
Gevrey-Chambertin AOP
- Ruchottes-Chambertin Grand Cru 3.30 HA - Clos des Ruchottes 1.1ha nestled inside
Clos-Saint Jacques, Les Cazetiers and Aux Combottes are top 1er Crus of what village
Gevrey-Chambertin
- Aux Combottes is surrounded by Grand Cru vineyards: Clos de la Roche, Latricières-Chambertin, and Mazoyères-Chambertin. This is the only 1er Cru in all of the Côte d’Or to be completely surrounded by Grand Cru land.
- Producers
Clos-Saint Jacques: Armand Rousseau, Bruno Clair, Fourrier, Louis Jadot
Les Cazetiers: Armand Rousseau, Bruno Clair, Louis Jadot
Aux Combottes: Dujac, Leroy
- Jacques-Frédéric Mugnier is a monopole owner of which of the following vineyard of Nuit Saint-Georges?
A.Clos de la Maréchale
B.Clos de la Bussière
C.Clos des Réas
D.Clos des Ruchottes - What is the other commune of production
1 - A.Clos de la Maréchale
- Nuits-Saint-Georges AOP: Communes of Production: Nuits-Saint-Georges and Premeaux-Prissey
other 1er Crus: Aux Bodots (northern sector) —- Producers: Jean Grivot, Méo Camuzet, Leroy
Les Saint-Georges and its neighbors, Les Cailles and Les Vaucrains (southern sector)
Clos des Grandes Vignes (Liger-Belair, monopole) - only 1er Cru in the entire Côte d’Or located east of the RN74 highway.
Clos des Grandes Vignes (Liger-Belair, monopole) is the sole 1er Cru east of D974, what village AOP is it located in
Nuit-Saint-George AOP
Les Graviéres, La Comme, Clos de Tavannes is a top premier cru in the _____ AOP.
Santenay AOP
Producers: Domaine de la Pousse d’Or, Lucien Muzard, Vincent Girardin, Jean-Noël Gagnard and F&D Clair
Cheilly, Dezize, Sampigny are communes of production where in Burgundy
What is the Geographic Designation of Bourgogne AOP south of here in the Saône-et-Loire department
Maranges
Côte du Couchois - Rouge only
Cheilly-lès-Maranges, Dezize-lès-Maranges, Sampigny-lès-Maranges
(La Fussière largest 1er Cru)
The only appellation in the Côte d’Or permitted to produce red, white, and rosé is _____ AOP.
Marsannay AOP
Which of the following producers is NOT headquartered in Beaune?
A.Louis Jadot
B.Joseph Drouhin
C.Faiveley
D.Chanson
C.Faiveley
Nuits-Saint-Georges
Which of the following grand crus does Domaine Leflaive NOT produce?
A.Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet
B.Chevalier-Montrachet
C.Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet
D.Montrachet
C.Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet
What Côte Chalonnaise AOP is known for Crémant de Bourgogne AOP production
Rully
Bouzeron AOP Blanc
Rully AOP Blanc, Rouge
Mercurey AOP Rouge, Blanc - 645HA ** largest
Givry AOP Rouge, Blanc
Montagny AOP Blanc
Which of the following Blagny vineyards is physically located within Meursault?
A.Sous Blagny
B.Sous le Puits
C.Hameau de Blagny
D.La Garenne
A.Sous Blagny
Mercurey AOP has the most hectares under vine in the Côte Chalonnaise.
A.True
B.False
A. True
Queue de Hareng is a premier cru physically located in which commune?
A.Fixin
B.Marsannay
C.Brochon
D.Gevrey-Chambertin
C.Brochon
Côte de Nuits, between Fixin & Gevrey-Chamerbertin
Match the vineyards on the map
A. Bel-Air
B. Clos Saint-Jacques
C. Petite-Chapelle
D. Aux Combottes
A. Bel-Air - B
B. Clos Saint-Jacques - D
C. Petite-Chapelle - C
D. Aux Combottes - A
Domaine Joblot is a top estate in which AOP?
A.Mercurey
B.Givry
C.Rully
D.Montagny
B. Givry
What is fermage?
A. The leasing of land.
B. A system of sharecropping.
C. The passing down of land to heirs.
D. The separation of land among multiple owners.
A. The leasing of land
A fermage is a piece of land which is owned by someone other than the person cultivating it: a farming tenancy, common in France
Match the following Beaujolais appellations to their respective vineyard.
Juliénas, Fleurie, Morgon, Régnié
A. Côte du Py
B. La Madone
C. Les Capitans
D. Grange-Charton
A. Côte du Py Morgon
B. La Madone Fleurie
C. Les Capitans Juliénas
D. Grange-Charton Régnié
Who is the producer of “Vigne de l’Enfant Jesus?”
A.Louis Jadot
B.Bouchard
C.Drouhin
D.Chanson
B. Bouchard (monopole)
- Vigne de l’Enfant Jesus sits in Beaune AOP in the 1er Cru Les Grèves
Clos des Epeneaux, Les Grands Epenots, Les Rugiens Bas are top 1er Crus of which village AOP.
Which Cru is a monopole of Comte Armand
Pommard AOP - red only
Clos des Epeneaux - Comte Armand
Les Rugiens Producers: de Montille, Jean-Marc Boillot