Tumors Flashcards
1
Q
cardiac myxoma
A
- most common primary tumor in ADULTS
- pedunculated gelatinous mass
- ATRIA (usually LA)
- stellate cells
- mucopolysaccharide ground substance
- mitral valve regurg
- surgical resection
2
Q
rhabdomyoma
A
- most common primary tumor in children
- TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS
- ventricle
- SPIDER CELLS with abundant cytoplasm
- valvular/outflow obstruction
- regress spontaneously
3
Q
papillary fibroelastoma
A
- male>female
- older adults
- SEA ANENOME
- projections covered by endothelium
- myxoid CT (mucopolysaccharide matrix)
- EMBOLIC events
4
Q
malignant primary tumors of the heart
A
SARCOMAS > angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leimyosarcoma
very rare
5
Q
secondary tumors of the heart
A
metastases
lung/breast, melanoma, leukemia/lymphoma
RCC, HCC, esophageal cancer > pericardial
6
Q
benign primary tumors
A
- hemangiomas
- pyogenic granulomas
- cavernous hemangiomas
7
Q
hemangiomas
A
- benign primary
- kids
- red, smooth
- head/neck
- regress spontaneously
8
Q
pyogenic granuloma
A
- benign primary
- after trauma
- pedunculated lesions
- skin, gingiva, oral mucosa
- bleed easily
- exuberant granulation tissue
- cautery
9
Q
cavernous hemangioma
A
- benign primary
- von Hippel Lindau disease
- large
- unencapsulated
- large, dilated vascular channels
- often traumatic ulceration/bleeding occurs
- involves deep structures
- locally invasive
10
Q
kaposi sarcoma
A
- intermediate grade borderline tumor
- herpes virus HHV-8
- dilated, irregular, poorly formed vascular channels
- dermal
- extravasated RBCs, hemosiderin laden macrophages, inflammatory cells
1) classic
2) endemic African
3) transplantation associated
4) AIDS associated
11
Q
classic KS
A
- intermediate grade borderline
- older men
- mediterranean, middle eastern, eastern european
- skin plaques/nodules
- distal lower extremeties
- localized to skin and subQ
- asymptomatic
12
Q
endemic african KS
A
- intermediate grade borderline
- younger population (<40)
- most common in central africa
- lymph nodes, visceral involvement
- POOR PROGNOSIS: 100% mortality in 3 years
13
Q
transplantation associated KS
A
- intermediate grade borderline
- T cell immunosuppression after solid organ transplant
- lymph nodes, viscera, mucosal involvement
14
Q
AIDS associated HS
A
-intermediate grade borderline
lymph nodes, viscera
-die of opportunistic infection, not KS
15
Q
angiosarcoma
A
- malignant tumor
- lymphedema
- usually after mastectomy
- induced by radiation, carcinogens
- skin, soft tissue, BREAST, liver
- atypical endothelial cells lining vascular channels
- undifferentiated spindled tumors w no obvious vascular channels
- invade locally, metastasize
- poor prognosis
