tsnamis and boxing day case study

Question 1

what are tsunamis?

Answer 1

giant sea waves generated by shallow focus earthquakes that are underwater

Question 2

what are the characteristics of tsunamis?

Answer 2

long wave length and short wave height

Question 3

how quickly do they travel?

Answer 3

over 700 km an hour

Question 4

when does wave height increase>

Answer 4

when approaching shallow water, idea from coastal waves

Question 5

what is the first warning that a tsunami is coming?

Answer 5

the wave trough, results in a reduction of sea level, water is drawn backwards

Question 6

what height scan tsunamis reach?

Answer 6

over 25 metres

Question 7

is the largest waves always first?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

what do the effects of a tsunami depend on?

Answer 8

• height of waves
• distance travelled
• length of event
• extent to which warnings could be given
• coastal geography
• lang use and population density

Question 9

how far inland do tsunamis have an effect?

Answer 9

500-600m

Question 10

what is Krakatoa an example of?

Answer 10

how an volcanic eruption can create a tsunami

Question 11

when did Krakatoa explode?

Answer 11

1883

Question 12

how many people drowned in Krakatoa?

Answer 12

35,000

Question 13

what percentage of tsunamis are generated in the pacific basin?

Answer 13

90%

Question 14

what is the main case study for tsunamis?

Answer 14

the boxing day one

Question 15

what year did the boxing day tsunami take place?

Answer 15

2004

Question 16

what ocean did the boxing day tsunami occur in?

Answer 16

the Indian ocean, off Sumatra

Question 17

what was the boxing day T generated by?

Answer 17

a 9.0 earthquake

Question 18

how far below was the earthquake that caused the boxing day T sea floor?

Answer 18

25km

Question 19

how many poeple were killed?

Answer 19

300,000 estimated

Question 20

how many countries were affected in 2004?

Answer 20

13

Question 21

why was the 2004 T so devastating?

Answer 21

• epicentre close to coastal areas that were built up
• lack of warning
• many countries are LEDC

Question 22

how many left homeless in 2004?

Answer 22

1.7 million

Question 23

why was there a threat of disease 2004?

Answer 23

mixing of fresh and sewage water, stagnant water

Question 24

how many villages destroyed in northern Sumatra?

Answer 24

1,500

Question 25

what percentage of sri lankas fishing fleet destroyed 2004?

Answer 25

60%

Question 26

what were environmental effects 2004?

Answer 26

• farm land affected by salinisation
• crops destroyed
• 8 million of oil escaped

Question 27

how many litres of oil escaped 2004?

Answer 27

8 million

Question 28

what did the insurance companies estimate the event would cost 2004?

Answer 28

5 billion dollars

Question 29

what was a positive outcome to the tsunami?

Answer 29

a early warning system was adopted by the indian ocean