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NEC 3 > TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA & BELL'S PALSY > Flashcards

TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA & BELL'S PALSY Flashcards

1
Q

aka as Tic Douloureux

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia

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2
Q

What cranial nerve is the Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

Fifth Cranial Nerve

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3
Q

What is trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Paroxysms of pain in the area innervated by the 2nd and 3rd branches of the trigeminal nerve

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4
Q

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

A

-aka as Tic Douloureux
-fifth cranial nerve
- Paroxysms of pain in the area innervated by the 2nd and 3rd branches of the trigeminal nerve

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5
Q

Causes of Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

-Stimulation of the trigger points
** -Washing face
-Shaving
-Brushing the teeth
-Eating
-Drinking**

-draft of cold air
- direct pressure

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6
Q

Diagnostic of Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

MRI

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7
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

-Unilateral pain
-Sudden closing of the eye
- Twitching of the mouth

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8
Q

Drug Management for Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

-Antiseizure agents
-Carbamazepine (Tregretol)
-Gabapentin (Neurontin)

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of antiseizure?

A

Reduces transmission of impulses at certain nerve terminals

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10
Q

Purpose of the drug Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

for pain control

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11
Q

Surgical Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

-Microvascular Decompression
- Percutaneous Balloon Microcompression

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12
Q

Relieve the contact between the cerebral vessel and the trigeminal nerve root entry

A

Microvascular Decompression

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13
Q

Disrupts large myelinated fibers in all three branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

Percutaneous Balloon Microcompression

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14
Q

What is Microvascular Decompression?

A

Relieve the contact between the cerebral vessel and the trigeminal nerve root entry

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15
Q

What is Percutaneous Balloon Microcompression?

A

Disrupts large myelinated fibers in all three branches of the trigeminal nerve

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16
Q

Nursing Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

-Prevent pain by identifying causes of pain
-Perform personal hygiene during pain-free intervals
-instruct patient to chew on the unaffected side post-operatively; aspiration precaution
-give artificial tears

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17
Q

aka facial paralysis

A

Bell’s Palsy

18
Q

Bell’s palsy is also known as?

A

also known as facial paralysis

19
Q

Unilateral inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve

A

Bell’s Palsy

20
Q

What is seventh cranial nerve?

A

Facial Nerve

21
Q

Weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles on the affected side

A

Bell’s Palsy

22
Q

What is Bell’s Palsy?

A

-aka facial paralysis
-Unilateral inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve
- weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles on the affected side

23
Q

Etiology of Bell’s Palsy

A

-Idiopathic
-Vascular ischemia
-Viral disease (herpes simplex, herpes zooster)
-Autoimmune disease

24
Q

What specific viral disease that causes bell’s palsy to occur?

A

-Herpes simplex
-Herpes zooster

25
Q

Pathophysiology of the Bell’s Palsy

A

-Because of the compression on the facial nerve; cause inflammation

-Ischemic necrosis of the nerve

26
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Bell’s Palsy

A

-Facial distortion
-Increased lacrimation
-Pain in the face, behind the ear, & in the eye
- speech difficulties
-unable to eat

27
Q

Pain can be felt in the

A

Pain in the face, behind the ear, & in the eye

28
Q

Medical Management of Bell’s Palsy

A

-Corticosteroids
- Electrical stimulation

29
Q

Reduces inflammation & edema

A

Corticosteroids

30
Q

This is given early to alleviate symptoms fast

A

Corticosteroids

31
Q

Purpose of Corticosteroids

A

-Reduces inflammation and edema

-Given early to alleviate symptoms fast

32
Q

Purpose of electrical stimulation

A

Prevents muscle atrophy

33
Q

Nursing Management of Bell’s Palsy

A

-Eye should be covered with a protective shield at night
-Apply moisturizing eye drops or eye ointment at bedtime
-Wrap around sunglasses or goggles during daytime
-Suggest massaging the face several times daily
- Encourage facial exercises

34
Q

Why we need to apply moisturizing eye drops or eye ointment at bedtime?

A

To prevent injury

35
Q

Why we need to wrap-around sunglasses or goggles during daytime

A

To decrease normal evaporation from the eye

36
Q

Rationale for massaging the face several times daily

A

to maintain muscle tone

37
Q

What are the examples of facial exercises?

A

-wrinkling of the forehead
-blowing out the cheeks
-whistling

38
Q

Why we need to encourage facial exercises?

A

To prevent muscle atrophy

39
Q

How would you describe the unilateral pain

A

Pain becomes more frequent and agonizing

40
Q

Pain becomes more frequent and agonizing

A

Unilateral pain

NEC 3 (16 decks)

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