Inflammation Disorders Flashcards
Inflammation of the appendix
Appendicitis
What age does the appendicitis often occur?
10 and 20 years of age
What is the etiology of appendicitis?
Occlusion of the appendiceal lumen by the fecalith and intramural thickening caused by hypergrowth of the lymphoid tissue
Clinical Manifestation of Appendicitis
-periumbilical pain (initial sign)
-anorexia, nausea and vomiting
-persistent and continuous pain
Characteristics of persistent and continuous pain in appendicitis
-right lower quadrant
- McBurney Point (halfway between the umbilicus and right iliac rest)
Assessment of appendicitis
-Psoas sign
-Obturator sign
- Blumberg sign
- Defense musculaire
- Rovsing sign
- prefer to lie still, occurs with right leg flexed
- low grade fever
Complications in appendicitis include:
-peritonitis
-perforation
- abscess
A major complication of appendix
Perforation
Perforation leads to?
Leads to peritonitis, abscess formation and portal pylephlebitis
When does perforation generally occurs?
Generally occurs 24 hours after the onset of pain
Diagnosis of Perforation
-complete history & examination
- ct scan and UTZ
- WBC count
Pain on passive extension of the right thigh
Psoas Sign
Patient lies on the left side
Psoas Sign
Examiner extend the right thigh of patient while applying counter resistance to the right hip
Psoas Sign
Pain on passive internal rotation of the flexed thigh
Obturator Sign
Examiner move the left leg laterally while applying resistance to the lateral side of the knees resulting in internal rotation of the femur
Obturator Sign
-Rebound tenderness
-Pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure to the abdomen
Blumberg Sign
What happens to the abdominal wall when blumberg sign occur?
Abdominal wall compress slowly and then rapidly increased