Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Parasit SPR 2020 > TREMATODES: Digenea spp. > Flashcards

TREMATODES: Digenea spp. Flashcards

1
Q

What is the predilection site for P. kellicotti, and what clinical signs can result from its infection?

A
  • Lung parenchyma
    • Developing cysts can lead to an intermitten cough, or in heave infections - severe cough, dyspnea, pneumothorax, bronchiectasis, hemoptysis, pneumonia, and death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who are the abherrant hosts for Fascioloides magna?

A

Sheep and goats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A farmer had several cattle die due to F. magna. The cattle were pastured near or in the same pasture as adjacent white tailed deer. How would you test the white tailed deer to see if they also have F. magna?

A

Fecal sedimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

As a result of increased burdens of F. hepatica in horses, will adults cause increased or decreased susceptibility to other diseases?

A

Adults to not form in horses, as well as people, as they are the accidental and abherrant hosts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What pathogenesis is associated with Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Hyperplastic bile ducts, leading to a palpable liver, icterus and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who are the FH’s or DH’s for lung fluke infections?

A

P. kellicotti infects dogs and cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many IH’s are commonly needed for completion of trematode life cycles?

A

2, the first being an aquatic snail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who are the DH’s or FH’s?

A

White tailed deer, elk, caribou, wild cervids (spp. of the deer family)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the common name for Paramphistomum spp.?

A

Rumen fluke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who are the DH’s or FH’s of rumen fluke infections?

A

Ruminants (buffalo, cattle, sheep, goats) and cervids (deer, antelope)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

You find hundreds of this parasite during a necropsy of a sheep. It suffered from diarrhea, anemia, and anorexia. What is it?

A

Paraphistomum spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What predilection sites are associated with Paramphisotomum spp. infections?

A

Immatures = Duodenum

Adults = Rumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Several sheep have fallen ill and died. You suspect Fascioloides magna is the cause of their deaths. What would you expect to find during necropsy?

A

A shredded/ diseased liver and immature flukes only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the SE U.S.A., what seasons are you most likely to diagnose or find them on pastures? When is the optimal time for treatment?

A
  • From fall to spring, as there is no transmission over the summer (due to heat, etc.)
  • Most effective treatment is at the end of the year, Oct. to Dec., when there are only adults (or the largest amounts fo adults)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What diagnoses can be used for the liver fluke of cats?

A
  • Double centrifugation with sugar
  • Abdominal ultrasound
  • Liver biopsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False: Trematodes are geographically distributed based on the presence of their intermediate host.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How pathogenic are N. salmonicola to dogs and other canids?

A

Very, if they contain Neorickettsia helminthoeca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

You find these operculated eggs in cattle. The cows are showing clinical signs of bottle jaw and anemia. During necrospy of those that died you expect to see what type of pathogenesis?

A

Pipestem liver due to Fasciola hepatica infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do juvenile flukes, once inside the DH or FH, migrate to?

A

The bile duct, where they develop into adults and lay eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the common name for Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Liver fluke of Cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Do adult Alaria spp. infections in DH’s or FH’s result in pathogenicity?

A

No, they have no associated clinical signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does F. hepatica have a predilection site for? What pathogenesis are they associated with?

A

Bile ducts, where they migrate to and then feed. They cause irritation, fibrosis, anemia, bottle jaw, pipestem liver, diarrhea, and inappentence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What common disease name is associated with Platynosumum fastosum infections in cats?

A

Lizard poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A farmer is worried about F. hepatica and F. magna, and wants to know how to decrease his animals’ exposure to the intermediate host. What do you tell him?

A

Don’t allow your animals to graze on wet/ marshy lands (source for aquatic snail IHs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What will occur to cattle, horses, and pigs infected with F. magna?

A

Immature flukes will become adults and encyst, but they will not become patent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where will immature stages and adults be found in hosts with Alaria infections?

A

Adults = Small intestine

Immatures = Lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Migrating metacercariae in PH’s can cause what phatogenesis?

A

Pulmonary hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

In the NE U.S.A., what seasons are you most likely to diagnose or find them on pastures? When is the optimal time for treatment?

A
  • Found during the spring and fall, due to heavy winters (snow, etc.)
  • Effective treatments are done toward the end of the winter season (March to June), when there are only adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What diagnostics can be used to identify or confirm F. hepatica infections?

A
  • Fecal sedimentation
  • Bulk milk ELISA testing
  • Necropsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What species will experience clinical signs as a result of Fascioloides magna infections?

A
  • AH’s like Sheep and goats
  • DH or FH, and DEH’s will not experience clinical signs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What structural feature can be used for identification of Alaria trematodes, as well as for these parasites to wrap around intestinal mucosa?

A

Ventral groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Who are the DH’s or FH’s for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Ruminants

33
Q

What stage is causing clinical signs with Paramphistomum spp. in hosts, and where are they located?

A

Juveniles, found in the duodenum

34
Q

Who are the DH’s or FH’s for intetinal fluke infections?

A

Dogs, cats, foxes, and minks

35
Q

What diagnostic can be used for the identication of trematodes, based on their egg size and weight?

A

Fecal sedimentation

36
Q

What is the 2nd IH for N. salmonicola?

A

Salmonid fish (salmon, trout, graylings, etc.)

37
Q

What clinical signs are associated with N. salmincola infections?

A

Enteritis

38
Q

Who are the more common paratenic hosts of Platynosumum fastosum?

A

Lizards (geckos, skins, anoles) and toads

39
Q

Who are the AH or accidental hosts for F. hepatica?

A

Horses and people

40
Q

Which drug - Oxyclozanide or Niclosamide - can be used for the elimination of both mature and immature stages of Paraphistomum?

A

Oxy = Both

Niclo = Only immature

41
Q

What is the PPP for Fascioloides magna, or deer fluke?

A

8 months

42
Q

What is the 2nd IH for Alaria spp. infections?

A

Tadpoles

43
Q

What can be used for treatment of F. hepatica?

A

Flukicides, NOT PRAZIQUNATEL

44
Q

Who are the DH’ sor FH’s for N. salmincola?

A

Dogs, cats, people, minks, raccoons, or any fish-eating mammals

45
Q

What is the PPP of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

About 1 week

46
Q

Who are the DEH’s of Fascioloides magna?

A

Cattle, horses, and pigs

47
Q

What is the PPP of Platynosomum fastosum?

A

3 monts

48
Q

What is the predilection site for adult salmon poisoning flukes?

A

Small intestine

49
Q

What are some common charateristics shared by trematodes?

A
  • Doro-ventrally flattened
  • Oral and ventral suckers (ventral located diff.)
  • Incomplete alimentary canal (no anus)
  • Hermaphroditic
  • Indirect life cycle
    • Aquatic snail common IH
50
Q

In the DH, what will occur with F. magna infections?

A

Juvenile flukes wander through the liver parenchyma, forming cysts around the adults, which lay their eggs that are released from the cysts and into the feces

51
Q

What is the common name for Alaria spp.?

A

Intestinal fluke

52
Q

What secondary infection is associated with Paraphistomum, which can cause death?

A

Clostridium spp.

53
Q

What is the common name for Fascioloides magna?

A

Deer fluke, Large american liver fluke

54
Q

What is the difference between a miracidia, cercariae, and metacercariae?

A

Miracidium = free-living larva, ciliated

Circacidium = tadpole-like larvae, final and free swimming

Metarcaeracium = encysted resting stage of trematode larvae, ingested by DH’s

55
Q

Ruminants with F. hepatica infections have an increased or decreased resistance to other diseases?

A

Decreased

56
Q

Who are the DH’s or FH’s for Platynosomum fastosum?

A

Felids

57
Q

When does a miracidium develop into a sporocyst?

A

In the IH, where it develops from a miracidiae into a sporocyst, and then into a cercariae that leaves the IH

58
Q

How can Paraphistomum infections be diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs (young, gazing habits) and the presence of acute disease

59
Q

What is the PPP for P. kellicotti?

A

4 - 5 weeks

60
Q

What will occur to sheep and goats with F. magna infections?

A

Immature flukes migrate through the liver, never becoming adults, leading to death via liver failure

61
Q

During necropsy you find this diseased liver with pipestem shown. What is the associated parasite, and how would you diagnose it in living animals?

A

Fasciola hepatica and fecal sedimentation

62
Q

A dog who’s owner loves fishing in Canada presents for fever, enteritis, and diarrhea. What is at the top of your differential list?

A

Nanophyetus salmincola

63
Q

What is the 2nd IH for the liver fluke of cats?

A

Crustaceans

64
Q

What is the PPP for Alaria spp.?

A

5 weeks

65
Q

What is carried by N. salmincola?

A

Neorichettsia helminthoeca, which causes the salmon poisoning (severe hemorrhapgic enteritis)

66
Q

What is the common name for Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

Salmon poisoning fluke

67
Q

What is the common name for Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Lung fluke

68
Q

What physical feature is associated with Paraphistomum adult flukes?

A

Their ventral sucker is at their posterior end

69
Q

What clinical signs are associated with N. salmonicola carrying Neorickettsia helminthoeca?

A

Sudden fever, hemorraghic enteritis, enlarged ln’s, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, HIGH MORTALITY

70
Q

What is the PPP for Fasciola hepatica?

A

10 - 12 weeks

71
Q

A 5 year old cat from Florida comes into your clinic with a palpable liver, and upon examination, you find signs of icterus on the inner pinna. What would you expect to find?

A

Platysonosum fastotum, a small egg up to 50 µm

72
Q

What is the common name for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Liver fluke

73
Q

What is the 2nd IH for Paragonimus kellicotti?

A

Crayfish

74
Q

What is the PPP of Paraphistomum spp.?

A

7 - 10 weeks

75
Q

While relatively non-pathogenic, what can result from heavy burdens?

A

Severe enteritis, dehydration, bottle jaw, anemia, hemorrhage

76
Q

A farmer calls you during the winter time, when there is snow on the ground, about his sheep that are suffering from anemia and bottle jaw. He is worried that his sheep are suffering from Haemonchus contortus. What is at the top of your differential list?

A

Fasciola hepatica

77
Q

Are any PH’s associated with Alaria spp. infections?

A

Yes

Frogs, snakes, mice, birds, wild boar, and people

78
Q

What diagnostics can be used for lung fluke infections?

A
  • Radiographs
  • Fecal sedimentation
  • Transtracheal wash

RUSVM Parasit SPR 2020 (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions