INSECTS: Diptera - Muscidae and Ceratopogonidae,spp. Flashcards
What are some common characteristics shared by insects?
- Jointed limbs
- Segmented bodies (head, thorax, abdomen)
- Exoskeleton
- 3 pairs of legs
- Antennae
What is the life cycle for Diptera spp.?
Egg - Larva - Pupa - Adult
Define myiasis, or fly strike.
An infestation of the body of a live animal by fly larvae that grow inside the host while feeding on its tissue
What are instars?
Larvae
Do flies and flea have the same life cycle?
Yes, Egg - Larva - Pupa - Adult
True or False: Fleas, unlike lice, are host specific, and specific for their areas of infection.
False, lice are both host and site specific
What life cycle do lice have?
Egg - Nymph (any number) - Adult
What suborder of lice is also known as the sucking lice, moving slowly, and have a narrower head than their thorax?
Anoplura spp.
What suborder of lice are associated with feeding on the skin surface, moveing fast, and having a head wider than their thorax?
Ischnocera (Mallophaga) spp.
What is the common name for Musca domestica? Who are there preferred hosts?
House fly
Animals and humans
While there are stickly hairs on the pads of their legs, how are mouthparts of M. domestica adapated?
For sponging
Where do adult female M. domestica flies lay their eggs?
Any number of deaying organic materials
What is the common name for Musca autumnalis? What sites are commonly infected?
Face fly
Animal secretions and wounds
What Diptera spp. is associated with being a biological vector D. megastoma and Habronema, involved with summer sores?
Musca autumnalis
What can results from M. autumnalis infestations?
- Annoyance; interfere with grazing or drop in performance
- Eye disorders, conjunctivitis
What is the common name for Stomoxys calcitrans? Who are there preffered hosts?
Stable fly, house fly
Animals and Humans
What is different in the mouthparts of S. calcitrans, compated to M.. domestica?
S. calcitrans mouthparts are rigid, and forward projecting, sitting on walls of their head
What is different about S. calcitrans, when it comes to their meal consumption?
Rather that sucking mouthparts, they use theirs for blood sucking (taking up to 3 mins to complete their blood meal)
Female S. calcitrans adults will lay their eggs -?
On decaying matter
What pathogenesis is associated with S. calcitrans infestations?
Attacking animals, and transmitting disease organisms
What clinical signs are associated with S. calcitrans infestations?
- Increased head and tail movements
- Skin twitches
- Tail swishes
Which of the following is not associated with treatment and prevention of S. calcitrans and M. autumnalis?
A) Insecticides
B) Screens
C) Sanitation
D) Treating compost
D) Treating compost
What is the common name for Haemotobia irritans? Who are there preffered hosts?
Horn fly
Cattle
True or False: H. irritans, which is the largest bloodsucking muscid, can be distinguished from the S. calcitrans by its size and proboscis,
False, H. irritans is the smallest bloodsucking muscid, and as such, will have a shorter probocis and body size
Adult female H. irritans will remain on hosts, and leave only to -?
Lay their eggs in fresh feces
H. irritans is associated with diapause. What does this mean?
H. irritans pupa will go through a period of suspended developments during unfavorable environmental conditions (overwinter)
What sites of infestation are associated with H. irritans?
- Back (when swarming)
- Abdomen (when raining)
- Horns (when not feeding)
What pathogenesis is asociated with H. irritans infestations?
Due to feeding in the thousands, they can cause:
- Intense irritation
- Impaired weight gain
- Loss of prod.
- Vector transmission
True or False: H. irritans is associated with insecticide resistance.
True
What is the common name for Culicoides spp.? Who are there preffered hosts?
Biting midges
Animals and Humans
What identifying characteristics can be associated with Culicoides spp.?
- Mottled wings
- Short, piercing proboscis
- Long slender antennae
What pathogenesis is associated with Culicoides spp. infections?
General annoyance, vector transmission of O. cervicalis and other pathogens
What clinical signs are associated with Culicoides spp. infestations?
Pain inflicted, and allergic reactions to horses
What can be done for treatment and prevention of Culicoides spp. infestations?
- Treat horses with insecticides or repellants
- Avoid and decrease standing water (marshes, swamp, etc.)
What is the common name for Tabanus spp.? Who are the hosts?
Horse fly
Large animals, people, small mammals, and birds
What is associated with the mouthparts of the horse fly, or Tabanus spp.?
Mouthparts for slashing and sponging
What is the common name for Chrysops spp.?
Deer fly
What can be used for identification of deer flies, or Chyrsops spp.?
- Elongated antennae
- Dark bands across wings
- Bites in shaded areas
Is prevention possible with Chrysops infestations?
While difficult to control, as a result of breeding sites being diffuse and hard to detect, but repellens and insecticides can be used
Who are the hosts for Melaphongus ovinus?
Sheep
While dorsally flattened and hairy, they also have blood sucking mouthparts. Melaphogus ovinus is also known for not having -?
Wings
How many eggs can an adult female M. ovinus produce?
A single egg, or 1
What is the life cycle of M. ovinus?
Adult females produce an egg that hatches in their bodies, and larvae produced then attach to wool or hair, until they become adults.
What is the common name for Melaphogus ovinus?
Sheep ked, or sheep tick
What is the common name for Cilicidae spp?
Mosquitoes
True or False: Mosquitoes belong to a number of generea, and their larvae develop in water.
True
What maggots are associated with cutaneous myiasis, or fly strike?
- Calliphoridae =* Old and New World screwworm, aka Blow flies
- Sarcophagidae* = Flesh flies
