Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MicroBio - Parasitology > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

General characteristics:
Trematoda: Incomplete digestive tract
Mouth, pharynx, and esophagus
Blind-sac intestines (ceca)

A

Trematoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Reproductive organs of male and female in one organism or segment

A

Monoecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Separate male and female organisms

reproductive organs in one

A

Dioecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cross-fertilization: Most often (when more than one adult is present)

Self-fertilization: When only one organism is present

A

Fertilization: Internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Largest subclass
Found in every major organ
Includes all ____ which parasitize man
Hosts: Intermediate, reservoir, and definitive

A

Trematoda

subclass Digenea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Shape: The body is flattened dorso-ventrally; leaf-shaped
Monozoic: One body part

A

Trematoda: Flukes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Suckers: Two
Oral sucker: Mouth
Ventral sucker -Acetabulum; hold-fast organ

A

Trematoda: Flukes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intermediate hosts
Two: Most members
One: ??

A

Schistosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Operculated: Most members
Non-operculated: Schistosomes
Contains first stage larva: Most

A

OVA

Trematodes: Flukes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Trematodes: Flukes

Larval stages: 5

A 
Miracidium
Sporocyst
Redia
Cercaria
Metacercaria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Larval Stages;
All Trematodes
Hatches in water
Ciliated

A

Miracidium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Larval Stages:

one or more stages

A

Sporocyst

Redia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Larval Stages:
Form which completes development in the snail and then leaves
Free swimming
Infective form to man: For dioecious organisms (Schistosomes)

A

Cercaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Larval stages:
Encysted cercaria
Infective form to man: For monoecious organisms

A

Metacercaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tegument
Taxonomically important in ______
Described as smooth, finely tuberculated, or grossly tuberculated

A

Schistosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Testes:
-Number: Taxonomically important in Schistosomes
-Position
Para
Oblique
Tandem
A

See slide 17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
Testes:
-Shape
Oval
Lobate
Dendritic or branched
A

slide 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
Intestinal ceca:
-Shape
Straight
Undulating
Branched
Rejoined
A

slide 19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Common name: Lung Fluke

A

Paragonimus Westermani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Geographical distribution: Asia, South America, North America, Africa and India

A

Paragonimus Westermani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q 
Pathogenesis:
Tuberculosis-like symptoms
 Lung damage: Fibrosis
Migratory tissue damage
Extra pulmonary abscesses
A

Paragonimus Westermani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Acquired through eating undercooked crustaceans carrying metacercaria

A

Paragonimus Westermani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Causes chronic coughing, bloody sputum, fibrotic lung damage.

A

Paragonimus Westermani

24
Q

Diagnosis: Eggs found in sputum and feces

A

Paragonimus Westermani

25
Q

Common name: “Sheep liver fluke”

A

Fasciola Hapatica

26
Q

Pathogenesis
Mechanical destruction of liver tissue (stimulates growth with proline)
Fibrosis

A

Fasciola Hapatica

27
Q

Sheep liver fluke
Worldwide distribution in grazing and wild animals.
Acquired by eating metacercaria on leafy green plants (watercress)

A

F. Hepatica

28
Q

Adults in bile ducts and liver tissue, but aberrant locations are seen. Severity of disease depends on number of worms.
Diagnosis: Eggs in feces, ultrasound of CT scan, ELISA

A

F. Hepatica

29
Q

Common name: Giant intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

30
Q

Giant intestinal fluke

Mostly found in SE Asia, India, and China

A

F. Buski

31
Q

Adults in small intestine, causes diarrhea, bile duct and intestinal blockage with heavy infection.
Acquired through eating water plants with metacercaria. (fertilized with human feces)
Diagnosis: eggs or adults in feces

A

F. Buski

32
Q

Common name: Chinese liver fluke

A

Clonorchis sinensis

33
Q 
Pathogenesis
Cirrhosis: Swelling of the bile ducts
Blockage of the bile passages
Cholangitis, pancreatitis, linked to cancer
Multiple infections: Up to 21,000 
    adults per host
A

Clonorchis sinensis

34
Q

Known as Chinese liver fluke

Distribution, mostly SE Asia, China, Russia

A

C. sinensis

35
Q

Acquired by eating undercooked freshwater fish harboring metacercaria
Adults in bile ducts, cause blockage, swelling, destruction
Diagnosis: Eggs in feces, ELISA, CT

A

C. sinensis

36
Q

Pathogenesis: Schistosomiasis also known as bilharzia (bilharziasis) or snail fever

A

Schistosoma spp.

37
Q

Often termed Blood Flukes

A

Schistosoma spp

38
Q

Adult:
Male: Flattened and rolled to form a gynecophoral groove; resembles a taco shell
Female: Slender and cylindrical, fits in the groove of the male
Color: Tan to gray
Testes: Number characteristic of species
Rejoined ceca: Length of reunited stem varies with species

A

Schistosoma spp

39
Q

Common name: Oriental blood fluke

A

Schistosoma japonicum

40
Q

Pathogenesis
**MOST pathogenic: Produces **MOST EGGS per day
Hepatic and pulmonary lesions
Central nervous system involvement

A

Schistosoma japonicum

41
Q

Intermediate host: Fresh water snail (Oncomelania)
Reservoir host: Mammals exposed to contaminated water (cattle, pigs)
Infective form: Cercaria
Mode of infection: Active penetration

A

Schistosoma japonicum

42
Q

Common name: Vesical blood fluke

A

Schistosoma haematobium

43
Q

Pathogenesis
Urogenital tract involvement
Reduced bladder capacity, obstruction, hematuria, cancer
Geographic distribution: Africa, parts of Middle East
Habitat: Venules of urinary bladder surrounding organs are affected

A

Schistosoma haematobium

44
Q

Intermediate host: Fresh water snail (Bulinus)
Infective form: Cercaria
Mode of infection: Active penetration

A

Schistosoma haematobium

45
Q

Common name: Manson’s blood fluke

A

Schistosoma mansoni

46
Q

Intermediate host: Fresh water snail (Biomphalaria)
Reservoir host: Primates, insectivores, wild rodents
Infective form: Cercaria
Mode of infection: Active penetration

A

Schistosoma mansoni

47
Q

Eggs cause disease through obstruction, secreted antigens, cause fibrosis in various organs species dependent. Modulate immune response to Th2

Acquire through CERCARIAL skin penetration

A

Schistosomes

48
Q

Diagnosis: eggs in feces or urine (species dependent), ELISA, ultrasound, biopsy

A

Schistosomes

49
Q

Common name: Small intestinal fluke

A

Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes

50
Q 
Habitat: Small intestines
Intermediate host
First: Snail
Second: Fish
Reservoir host: Piscivores and birds
Infective form: Metacercaria
Mode of infection: Ingestion

Common in fish markets

A

Metagonimus yokogawai/Heterophyes heterophyes

51
Q

Flukes of the small intestine, cause epigastric distress. Little damage unless heavily infected.

A

M. yokogawai and H. heterophyes

52
Q

Acquired by eating the metacercaria just under the skin of undercooked freshwater fish (carp, salmon, mullet, tilapia)

Spread by using human feces as fertilizer.

A

M. yokogawai and H. heterophyes

53
Q

Diagnosis: clinical, eggs in feces but too similar to differentiate.

A

M. yokogawai and H. heterophyes

54
Q

Where are you most likely going to find Schistosoma haematobium eggs?

A. Feces
B. Blood
C. Urine
D. CSF

A

B. Blood

55
Q

Which of these trematodes is considered the lung fluke?

A. Metagonimus yokogawai
B. Paragonimus westermani
C. Clonorchis sinensis
D. Diphyllobothrium latum

A

B. Paragonimus westermani

MicroBio - Parasitology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions