Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MicroBio - Parasitology > Malaria - Cal > Flashcards

Malaria - Cal Flashcards

1
Q

Infective form of malaria?

A

Sporozoites injected by mosquito

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diagnostic stages of malaria?

A

Immature trophozoite

Mature trophozoie

Schizont

Gametocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Malaria has gametocytes shaped like what?

A

bananas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Malaria has trophozoites shaped like what under the ‘scope?

A

ring-shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1 sporozoite yields?

A

LOTS of merozoites (number vary depending on species)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Deadliest malaria?

A

Falciparum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Predominate in Sub-Saharan Africa?

A

Ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

South America, India, SE

A

Vivax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

wide global distribution, being found in South America, Asia, and Africa, but it is less frequent than P. falciparum in terms of cases of infection.

A

P. malariae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the most common species and also has a wide distribution.

A

P. vivax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Malaria can be non-specific. But most common symptoms?

A

fever and chills, which can be accompanied by headache, myalgias, arthralgias, weakness, vomiting, and diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CNS changes, respiratory distress, bleeding, circulatory collapse

A

Cerebral malaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice

A

Hepatic malaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infections caused by____ are the most likely to progress to severe, potentially fatal forms with central nervous system involvement (cerebral malaria), acute renal failure, severe anemia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome.

A

P. falciparum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Complications of ____ malaria include splenomegaly (with, rarely, splenic rupture), and those of ____ include nephrotic syndrome.

A

P. vivax

P. malariae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Three distinct stage of malaria, lasting 4-8 hours?

A

Cold stage

Hot stage

Sweating stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Simple tertian malaria?

A

Vivax and Ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Simple quartan malaria?

A

Malariae

19
Q

Malignant tertian malaria

A

Falciparum

20
Q

Syndrome features:

cyclic every 48 hours

Hyponozoite can stay dormant in liver

Requires longer treatment

Invades YOUNGER RBCs

A

Simple tertian malaria

Vivax/ovale

21
Q

Syndrome features:

Cyclic every 72 hours

Invades OLDER RBCs

A

Simple quartan malaria

Malariae

22
Q

Syndrome features:

CNS, renal, pulmonary failure/damage

A

Malignant tertian malaria

Falciparum

23
Q

Maurer’s clefts vs. Schuffner’s dots

A

Falciparum vs ovale

24
Q

Band form is a feature of what malaria?

A

Malariae

25
Q

low level persistence of parasites in the blood for 1-2 years (P. falciparum) up to 30 years or more (P. malariae).

A

Recrudescense

26
Q

What’s the geography for the malarias

A

look it up

27
Q

Deadliest?

A

Falciparum

28
Q

What are the fever cycles?

A

Brush up on that

29
Q

Can be infected by toxoplasmosis how?

A

Blood infusion (and transplacental)

Ingestion of infected meat

Contaminated food

30
Q

Toxoplasmosis definitive host?

INtermediate hosts?

A

CATS

mice, mammals, pigs, sheep

31
Q

Toxo Infection during pregnancy can have serious consequences?

A

1st Trimester – Abortion
2nd Trimester – Retardation
3rd Trimester – Hydrocephaly

Retinochoroiditis, cerebral calcifications, hepatosplenomegaly, liver failure

32
Q

Toxo… what is the routine method of diagnosis?

A

Serologic testing for both IgM and IgG

33
Q

INfective stage of cryptosporidium?

A

thick walledoo cyst is ingested by host

34
Q

Cryptosporidium is resistant to?

A

chlorine

35
Q

Diagnostic stge of cryptosporidium?

A

thick walled oocyst (sporulated) exits hosts

36
Q

Cryptosporidium… Two different types of oocysts are produced, the _____, which is commonly excreted from the host and the ___, which is primarily involved in autoinfection. Oocysts are infective upon excretion, thus permitting direct and immediate fecal-oral transmission.

A

thick-walled

thin-walled oocyst

37
Q

4 sporozoites

excreted by the infected host through feces

Transmission of occurs mainly through contact with contaminated water

A

cryptosporidium

38
Q

Occasionally food sources, such as chicken salad, may serve as vehicles for transmission.
Many outbreaks in the United States have occurred in waterparks, community swimming pools, and day care centers.

A

cryptosporidium

39
Q

Following ingestion (and possibly inhalation) by a suitable host (3), excystation (A) occurs.
The sporozoites are released and parasitize epithelial cells (B), (C) of the gastrointestinal tract or other tissues such as the respiratory tract.
In these cells, the parasites undergo asexual multiplication (schizogony or merogony) (D, E, and F) and then sexual multiplication (gametogony) producing microgamonts (male – G) and macrogamonts (female – H).
Upon fertilization of the macrogamonts by the microgametes (I), oocysts (J, K) develop that sporulate in the infected host.

A

Notes from powerpoint on Cryptosporidium

40
Q

Crypto distro?

A

Worldwide

41
Q

Is autoinfection a big deal for cryptosporidium?

A

YES OK IT IS CONSIDER IT A PROBLEM OK

42
Q

What type of staing for diagnosis?

Should we go for multiple stool samples?

A

Acid-fast staining is most frequently used in clinical diagnostic laboratories. Usually multiple stools are assayed.

43
Q

The most frequent symptoms is watery diarrhea, and can be associated with dehydration, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, abdominal pain, and fever.

A

Cryptosporidium

In immunocompetent persons, symptoms are usually short in duration (1 to 2 weeks),

44
Q

Anopheles mosquito?

A

Malaria

MicroBio - Parasitology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions