Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Parasitology Laboratory > Trematodes > Flashcards

Trematodes Flashcards

(89 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

T OR F

Trematodes are roundworms

A

FALSE

Trematodes are flatworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 classes of flatworms

A

Flukes (Class Trematoda)
leaf-like

Tapeworms (Class Cestoda)
ribbon-like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

leaf-life:

ribbon-like

A

leaf-life : Flukes (Class Trematoda)

ribbon-like: Tapeworms (Class Cestoda)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the first intermediate host for all the trematodes?

A

Snail

each of the snail are only specific for a particular parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fascioplopsis buski infects what organ in humans?

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The determination of Fasciolopsis versus Fasciola can only be accomplished in the laboratory by the recovery of what parasitic stage?

A

Adult worm

eggs are difficult to differentiate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What procedure must be done to recover the adult form of Clonorchis sinensis?

A

Surgery / Autopsy since Clonorchis is a liver fluke

Biopsy can also be done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the specimen of choice for the recovery of Heterophyes and Metagonimus?

A

Stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the typical transmission route of Paragonimus to humans?

A

Ingestion of contaminated/infected second intermediate host (crayfish or crab)

Paragonimus is a lung fluke but the transmission is via ingestion and not inhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

trematodes are classified based on

A

habitat of the adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T OR F

All trematodes are flat and leaf-like

A

FALSE

All except Schistosomes.

Schistosomes are cylindrical in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

term that refers to the parasite containing both the female and male reproductive organs in one adult

A

hermaphrodite or monoecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T OR F

All are hermaphrodites except Schistosomes.

A

TRUE

Schistosomes have male and female adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T OR F

All have well developed reproductive organs except for Schistosomes

A

FALSE

All have well developed reproductive organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Term that refers to the egg cap, lid-like structure that acts as a passageway for the first larvae

A

Operculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T OR F

All eggs are operculated

A

FALSE

All eggs are operculated except Schistosomes.

Schistosomes are non-operculated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T OR F

All require 2 IH except Schistosomes

A

TRUE

Schistosomes only require one intermediate host (snail) for its complete life cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T OR F

All have MOT of Oral/ingestion except for Schistosomes

A

TRUE

Schistosome - skin penetration of cercaria (infective stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Infective stage of Trematodes

A

Metacercaria

EXCEPT for Schistosome IS is Cercaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the species that have larval stages which can penetrate the skin

A
  1. Schistosome (Cercaria)
  2. Hookworm (L3 Filariform)
  3. Threadworm (L3 Filariform)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T OR F

All trematodes have complete alimentary canal

A

FALSE

Alimentary Canal / Digestive tract is incomplete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T OR F

All possess 2 suckers except for Schistosomes

A

All possess 2 suckers except H. heterophyes

H.heterophyes has a third sucker called genital sucker or gonotyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the suckers of trematodes/flukes and their uses

A

Oral sucker - mouth

Ventral sucker / Acetabulum - attachment

Genital sucker (H. heterophyes ONLY)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the cercaria look like

A

Cercaria is the IS of Schistosomes

It has forked tail (notched tail)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Big eggs
Schistosomes, Paragonimus, Fasciola, Fasciolopsis
26
Small eggs
Clonorchis, Opisthorchis, Heterophyes, Metagonimus
27
One way to identify trematodes are based on the
larvae inside
28
Embryonated /Mature Eggs
Schistosomes, Clonorchis, Opisthorchis, Heterophyes, Metagonimus, D. Dendriticum
29
Unembryonated/Immature Eggs
Paragonimus, Fasciola, Fasciolopsis, Echinostoma
30
Sample of choice to isolate the diagnostic stage
Stool EXCEPT Schistosoma haematobium because it is found in urine
31
What is the diagnostic stage of trematodes
eggs
32
5 Larval stages
Miracidium (1st IH) Sporocyst, Redia, Cercaria (2nd IH) Metacercaria Adult
33
Schistosome larval stages
Miracidium (1st IH) Sporocyst, Cercaria Adult
34
Fasciola hepatica is also called the
Liver fluke / Temperate liver fluke / Sheep liver fluke
35
Unique characteristic of adult Fasciola hepatica is
Prominent Cephalic cone and Shoulder Large, broad and flat body
36
Unique characteristic of Fasciola hepatica egg
Hens egg Unembryonated (immature) Operculated
37
Fasciola gigantica is also known as the
Tropical liver fluke
38
Differences of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica
Fasciola hepatica = prominent cephalic cone and developed shoulders Fasciola gigantica = shorter cephalic cone and less developed shoulders
39
Isolating eggs: adult:
eggs: stool adult: surgery (biopsy or autopsy)
40
What is pseudofascioliasis
you have ingested a contaminated liver fluke and presence of eggs in the stool but you are not infected
41
Clonorchis sinensis is also known as
Chinese liver fluke
42
T OR F | We can differentiate the eggs of Clonorchis and Opisthorchis
FALSE eggs ng Clonorchis and Opistorchis, we cannot differentiate them
43
T OR F eggs of clonorchis are embryonated
TRUE
44
Unique characteristic of Clonorchis egg
there is still shoulder near the operculum SMALL KNOB opposite of the operculum
45
T OR F | adult clonorchis and opisthorchis are almost similar
TRUE
46
Difference between adult clonorchis and opisthorchis
TESTES Clonorchis = highly brainching Opisthorchis = lobed
47
Two types of Opisthorchis
Viverrini Felineus
48
(Opisthorchis) Difference of Viverrini Felineus
Viverrini = deeply lobed testes Felineus = shallow lobed testes
49
found in the middle third of the body at the level of the uterus
Vitellaria
50
What eggs are stained with potassium permanganate
Opisthorcis eggs
51
Associated with renal stone / calculi
Opisthorcis
52
T OR F Eggs of Chlonorchis are indistinguishable from each other, but adults are distinguishable
TRUE
53
DICROCOELIUM DENDRITICUM is also known as
Fasciola dendriticum or Fasciola lanceolata Lanceolata fluke or Lancet fluke
54
Resembles a lancet
D. dendriticum or Fasciola dendriticum
55
Distinguishing feature of adul D. dendriticum / Fasciola dendriticum
testes is below the acetabulum NO shoulder
56
Pancreatic flukes
Euretyma pancreaticum -- ZOONOTIC INFECTION
57
The eggs of Euretyma pancreaticum resembles the
lancet flukes
58
Intestinal flukes
Fasciolopsis buski Echinostoma Ilocanum Heterophyes heterophyes Paragonimus Westermani
59
Fasciolopsis buski is also known as
Giant intestinal fluke
60
Habitat of Fasciolopsis buski
Intestine
61
Eggs of fasciolopsis is similar to
eggs of the fasciola
62
Difference between adult fasciolopsis and fasciola
Fasciolopsis doesn't have cephalic cone and shoulders Fasciolopsis is mataba kasi walang leeg
63
Echinostoma ilocanum is also known as
Garrison's fluke
64
Unique feature of the adult Echinostoma ilocanum
Collar of spines / Circumoral disk
65
Heterophyes heterophyes is also known as
Von Siebold's fluke
66
Distinguishing feature of adult H. heterophyes
Pyriform shaped Smallest but deadliest presence of gonodyl / genital sucker
67
Distinguishing feature of H. heterophyes egg
light brown ovoid shape operculated similar to Clonorchis and opisthorchis BUT Clonorchis and opisthorchis egg has knob-like protrusion
68
Paragonimus westermani also known as the
Lung fluke / Oriental lung fluke
69
Distinguishing feature of adult paragonimus westermani
Reddish-brown Coffee bean shaped Rounded anteriorly but tapered posteriorly
70
Distinguishing feature of paragonimus westermani egg
Oval, yellowish-brown, thick shelled Flattened but prominent operculum Abopercular portion (thickening at the opposite of the operculum)
71
Paragonimus westermani egg can be mistaken as
broad fish tapeworm
72
Paragonimus westermani infection will develop
TB-like infection / primary tuberculosis
73
Schistosome is also known as
blood fluke
74
Habitat of schistosome
blood
75
What are the schistosomes
Schistosoma japonicum Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma haematobium
76
How to differentiate the schistosomes
Best way to differentiate (up to the species level) is the appearance of the egg.
77
Features of schistosomes that are different from the rest of the trematodes
cylindrical in nature dioecious non-operculated Only requires 1 IH only 3 larval stages MOT is through skin penetration of cercaria
78
Unique feature of adult male and female schistosome
they copulate for life
79
Unique feature of adult male schistosome
presence gynecophoral canal / gynecophoric canal
80
Canal where female is positioned Assists in sperm transfer Used for copulation
gynecophoral canal / gynecophoric canal
81
ingest RBC and absorb nutrients in blood for survival, that’s why they are parasite
schistosomes
82
Predominant schistosome specie in the philippines
Schistosoma japonicum
83
T OR F Eggs alone is sufficient to identify the Schistosomes up to the species level
TRUE
84
Unique feature of eggs of schistosome
Presence of spines
85
Differences of species of schistosome
S. japonicum - small lateral spine (knob-like protruberance) S. mansoni - Large lateral spine S. haematobium - Large terminal spine
86
SAmple of choice for Schistosome
still the stool EXCEPT for S. haematobium because it is the urine
87
S. mansoni and S. japnocum cases are found in
africa
88
what is the infective stage of schistosome
cercaria larvae
89
Once the cercaria penetrates the skin and removes its tail then it is called
schistosomule

Parasitology Laboratory (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions