Treatments for malocclusion

Question 1

Examples include

Answer 1

appliances with no extractions
simple extractions with no appliances + with appliances
orthodontic appliances + external traction
surgery and with appliances
RA - removable orthodontic appliances, functional appliances usually referred to as removable

Question 2

Removable

Answer 2

similar to a denture in construction

Question 3

Fixed

Answer 3

individual metal components bonded onto individual teeth + connected by arch wire

Question 4

Functional

Answer 4

use the forces of the jaw + facial muscles to correct occlusion relationship between the arches - when growing

Question 5

Aims of orthodontic treatment

Answer 5

improve appearance + prevent psychological problems associated wit poor aesthetic
to improve function
to prevent dental disease:
excessive tooth wear (attrition), damage to alveolar bone + TMJ + dental caries/ gingival disease linked to stagnation

Question 6

Removable braces

Answer 6

impressions in alginate then appliance made following prescription from orthodontists. They tip + tilt the teeth in required position but there is no bodily movement

Question 7

Components include

Answer 7

Adams cribs - hold appliance in place + usually fit around molar or pre molar
Springs - align teeth along arch as required
Retractors - push one or several teeth backwards
Expansion screws - move several or each half of upper arch outwards

Question 8

Invisible braces

Answer 8

straightens teeth using series of clear, removable aligners that are custom made. These will be regularly replaced + little by little, gradual movement towards the projected final position

Question 9

Fixed appliances

Answer 9

carried out in surgery, bonding of components cause no tooth damage as they are snapped off at end of trt.
they move tooth rapidly + bodily forwards, backwards, in + out + rotate teeth
components; bands, brackets, tubes, hooks, arch wires, elastics

Question 10

Extra oral traction

Answer 10

applies tension to appliance from head or neck band worn by the pt, called extra oral as forces come from outside the mouth. It is attached t the appliance via face bow and this is not a popular technique now

Question 11

Retainers removable or fixed

Answer 11

retention is important as tooth position needs to be controls this is to;
-allow gingival + periodontal tissues to heal after changes
-support teeth in unstable position so that the pressure of the cheeks + tongue doesnt cause relapse until bone has reformed
-control changes caused by growth
They need to be used continually through life