Radiographs Flashcards
What are they?
dental images taken of oral structure + provide insight into teeth + jaw bone that would otherwise be inaccessible to dentist. They also assist in diagnosis + trt planning
Hard tissue pathology
Teeth, jaw bones, facial bones
Soft tissue pathology
abscesses, cysts, tumors
Presence or absence of
unerupted teeth
Skeletal classification
for orthodontic assessment + trt planning
Latrogenic problems
overhanging restorations, residual caries, perforated root canals.
Intra-oral views
- Horizontal bite wing for routine assessment of posterior teeth
- vertical bitewing for assessment of posterior bone levels
- periapical for assessment of individual teeth
- anterior occlusal for assessment of anterior areas of maxilla or mandible
Extra-oral views
- dental pantomograph for: third molar assessment, orthodontic assessment, periodontal assessment, jaw pathology
- Lateral skull view for orthodontic assessment + jaw measurement
- Lateral oblique for lower third molar assessment
Dental caries
shows up as a dark area of destruction extending inwards from the enamel surface
Presence + extent of periodontal disease
shows up as a loss of the lamina dura forming the crest of the alveolar bone, loss of height of the alveolar bone + widening of the periodontal ligament space
Periodontal + periapical abscesses
chronic alveolar abscesses show up as dark circular area at apex of affected tooth, caused by destruction of apical lamina dura + spongy bone
Cysts
show up as enlarged darker areas surrounding other structures, sometimes pushing tooth roots out of their normal positions
Horizontal bite-wing (intra)
show posterior teeth in occlusion to view:
inter proximal areas and diagnose caries in these regions
restoration overhangs in these areas
recurrent caries beneath restorations
occlusal caries
Vertical bitewing (intra)
show extended view of posterior teeth from mid root of uppers to mirror of the lowers to view;
periodontal bone levels
true periodontal pockets
Periapical (intra)
show one or two teeth in full length with surrounding bone taken to view area and the teeth in close detail
Anterior occlusal (intra)
show plane view of anterior section of either upper or lower and are used to especially view area or unerupted teeth, supernumerary teeth and cysts
Dental panoramic tomography (DPT) (extra)
shows both jaws in full + their surrounding bone anatomy, for orthodontic, wisdom tooth assessment and help diagnose pathology + jaw fractures
Lateral oblique (extra)
shows posterior portion of one side of the mandible including ramus and angle and lower molar teeth. Alternative to DPT to view position of unerupted third molar teeth
Lateral skull (extra)
view of the side of the head taken in specialist machine called cephalostat (may be presented as attachment of dpt machine or stand alone) and used to monitor jaw growth + determine orthographic surgery techniques in complicated cases of malocclusion
