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Medicine > Treating the Sick in Medieval England > Flashcards

Treating the Sick in Medieval England Flashcards

1
Q

Were there any professional doctors?

A

No

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2
Q

What were cures based on?

A

Ancient Greek theory of illness that involved equal balance of the four humours

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3
Q

Did doctors have medical training?

A

No

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4
Q

How did medieval doctors learn their practice?

A

Word of mouth or personal experience

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5
Q

What did medieval doctors experiment with?

A

Herbs and charms

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6
Q

Who did medieval doctors learn from?

A

Apothecaries, travelling healers and wise men/ women

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7
Q

Where were barber surgeons found?

A

Towns

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8
Q

Did barber surgeons get training?

A

Yes, as apprentices

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9
Q

What did barber surgeons do?

A

Cut hair, did bloodletting and even amputation of arms and legs

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10
Q

What did most barber surgeons perform?

A

Minor surgery based on experience

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11
Q

What minor surgeries did barber surgeons perform?

A

Setting bones and pulling out teeth

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12
Q

Why did a lot of people die after surgery?

A

Infection or blood loss

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13
Q

Who did most people with money go to?

A

Barber surgeon

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14
Q

How did wise men/ women treat the ill?

A

First aid, herbal remedies, supernatural cures with charms and spells

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15
Q

What were wise men/women’s cures based on?

A

Tradition, word of mouth and trial and error

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16
Q

What were passed on down the families of wise men/ women?

A

Wisdom and skills

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17
Q

How were wise men/ women priced?

A

Reasonably

Usually knew the patient

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18
Q

What were wise women? (Pregnancy)

A

Midwives

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19
Q

What was the Lady of the House expected to provide?

A

Medical care for her family and workers

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20
Q

What did travelling healers extract and mend?

A

Teeth, dislocations, fractures

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21
Q

What did travelling healers sell?

A

Potions

22
Q

What did herbalists in monasteries use to treat patients?

A

Herbal treatments

23
Q

What treatments did herbalists perform?

A

Bloodletting, prayers

24
Q

How did herbalists in monasteries treat patients?

A

Let them rest in the infirmary

25
Q

What were herbalists’ knowledge based on?

A

Books, word of mouth, experience

26
Q

What was an example of a book that herbalists in monasteries used?

A

Pliny’s Natural History

27
Q

What did apothecaries sell?

A

Medicine, herbs, spices

28
Q

How long was an apothecary apprenticeship for training?

A

7 years

29
Q

What were simples?

A

A medicine made from one herb or compounds which were a combination of ingredients

30
Q

Example of a simple for treating smallpox?

A

Red rose and bamboo juice

31
Q

Whose methods were trained doctors taught in?

A

Hippocrates and Galen

32
Q

Where were trained doctors found?

A

Large towns

33
Q

What textbooks did trained doctors use?

A

Islamic and British

34
Q

Why could most people not afford to see a trained doctor?

A

Rare and expensive

35
Q

How long did trained doctors have to study at university for?

A

At least 7 years

36
Q

Who were universities controlled by?

A

Christian church

37
Q

What was the main religion in Western Europe?

A

Christianity

38
Q

Where were most universities based?

A

Italy eg Bologna and Padua

39
Q

Where did some trained doctors begin to observe and treat patients?

A

On the battlefields in wars

40
Q

What did doctors use to decide what illness someone had?

A

A book which recorded possible illnesses

41
Q

What did leeches remove?

A

Blood

42
Q

What did doctors prescribe to stop misma?

A

Aromatic objects

43
Q

What had did zodiac charts show?

A

Which parts of the body were linked to which astrological sign

44
Q

What did zodiac charts tell doctors?

A

What would and wouldn’t work and the best time to treat patients eg herbs picked at the wrong time could do damage

45
Q

How did doctors use urine to determine disease?

A

Compared urine colour to a chart and sometimes smelled or tasted it

46
Q

What is uroscopy?

A

Visually examining a patient’s urine for pus, blood, or other symptoms of disease.

47
Q

Who used herbal remedies?

A

Apothecaries and wise men/ women

48
Q

What was a herbal remedy for headaches?

A

Camomile tea and rest on lavender-scented pillows

49
Q

What was toothache treated with?

A

Hot rods in the cavities because it was thought a tooth worm was making the holes

50
Q

How were patients bled?

A

Cupping or leeches

51
Q

Up to how many times were monks bled per day?

A

8

52
Q

Why were patients bled?

A

Too much blood was believed to have caused illness

Medicine (31 decks)

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