Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders Flashcards
What is a traumatic event?
Exposure to actual or threatened harm or fear of death or injury and are considered uncommon or extreme stressors.
What is a stressful event?
Causing changes in, and demands readjustments of, an average person’s normal routine.
What is child maltreatment?
Generic term that refers to four primary acts: physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and psychological abuse.
What is an expectable environment?
Protective and nurturing, as well as opportunities for socialization and exploration.
What kind of stressors are manageable?
Mild, predictable, and brief.
Managing mild, predictable, and brief stress may result in what?
Enhancement in the child’s biological and psychological competence.
What may indicate that a person’s stress system is overtaxed and may be shutting down?
Being hypo-responsive to stressful events.
What is allostatic load?
A concept used to describe this progressive “wear and tear” on biological systems due to the effects of chronic stress.
What are the three main types of neglect?
- Physical. 2. Educational. 3. Emotional.
What is an effective treatment for trauma? (2)
Exposure based therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy.
What are the four types of unresponsive care?
- Occasional inattention. 2. Chronic under-stimulation. 3. Severe neglect in a family context. 4. Severe neglect in a institutional setting.
Does vulnerability decrease as age increase?
Yes.
What did the Bucharest Early Intervention Project do?
Created own experimental foster care network with social workers overseeing 56 foster homes.
What were the results of the Bucharest Early Intervention Project? (2)
- IQ was lower in no treatment group. 2. Early intervention is important (before 24 months).
What were the three groups in the Bucharest Early Intervention Project?
- No treatment. 2. Foster care treatment. 3. Never in orphanage.
What are the four core features of PTSD?
- Intrusion. 2. Avoidance. 3. Cognitive distortion. 4. Extreme reactivity or arousal.
What are the specifiers for PTSD? (2)
- With dissociation symptoms. 2. With delayed expression.
By what time do the symptoms of PTSD usually show up after the traumatic event?
Within 3 months.
What is PTSD?
Persistent anxiety following an overwhelming traumatic event that occurs outside the range of usual human experience.
Children with PTSD show what kind of amygdala reactivity over time compared to typically developing children?
They show more amygdala reactivity.
Children with PTSD show what kind of prefrontal recruitment compared to typically developing children?
They show decreased prefrontal recruitment with age.
Children with PTSD show what kind of amygdala-dmPFC coupling compared to typically developing children?
They show decreased amygdala-dmPFC coupling with age.
What percent of children experience trauma by age 18?
66% of children.
PPRACTICE is the key component of what therapy?
Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy.
What does PPRACTICE stand for?
P. Psychoeducation. 2. P. Parenting skills. 3. R. Relaxation skills. A. Affect regulation skills. C. Cognitive coping. T. Trauma narrative. I. Invivo mastery of trauma reminders. C. Child-parent sessions. E. Enhancing future safety and development.
