Eating Disorders Flashcards
What temperament traits are associated with eating disorders? (5)
- Obsessive behaviors (control, order, symmetry). 2. Harm avoidance. 3. Perfectionism. 4. Negative emotionality. 5. High punishment tolerance.
How are genes related to the development of an eating disorder?
When a first degree relative is related, there is a 10 fold increase in developing anorexia.
How is dopamine related to the development of an eating disorder?
Higher dopamine receptor availability in striatum. They need more to feel reward.
What is the hypothesis surrounding dopamine in the development of eating disorders?
Restricting behaviors are rewarding.
How is serotonin related to the development of an eating disorder?
Increased serotonin receptor availability in the amygdala and temporal-frontal cortex.
What is the hypothesis related to serotonin in the development of an eating disorder?
Restricting behaviors may reduce anxiety.
What may be related to harm avoidance behaviors?
Altered serotonin receptor availability.
Does media effect body dissatisfaction, internalization, and eating disorder behaviors?
Yes, but the effect size is small.
The effects on dissatisfaction, internalization, and eating disorder behaviors were found mainly in what population?
Young adults (19-32).
What was associated with dissatisfaction, internalization, and eating disorder behaviors?
Peer conversations about appearance.
What are stereotypes?
Beliefs that the public forms about a marked group.
What is prejudice?
Negative beliefs about a stereotype.
What is discrimination?
Negative action against an out-group.
How heritable is obesity?
50-60%
What may be a neurological and psychological cause of obesity?
Disruptions to reward pathway, similar to addiction/substance-use disorder. Lack of self control.
What psychological factors is being researched to develop treatments for eating disorders?
Altered reward processing/emotion regulation control.
What are the two most common outpatient treatments?
- CBT. 2. SSRIs.
How prevalent is anorexia nervosa?
About .3%.
How prevalent is bulimia nervosa?
About 1%.
What is a binge eating episode? (2)
- Eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most people would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances. 2. A sense of lack of control.
What are the sub-types of anorexia nervosa?
- Restricting type. 2. Binge-eating/purging type.
What is the restricting sub-type of anorexia?
Weight loss primarily achieved through dieting, fasting, and/or excessive exercise. No binging or purging.
What is the binge eating/purging sub-type of anorexia?
Having episodes of binge eating or purging behaviors.
