Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are risk factors for hip fractures?

A
  • Osteoporosis
  • Smoking
  • Malnutrition
  • Excess alcohol
  • Low BMI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A fracture between the femoral head and occurring in the femoral neck is known as what?

A
  • an intra-capsular femoral fracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A fracture occurring distal to the femoral neck is know as

A
  • extra-capsular femoral fracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of femoral hip fracture is at greatest risk for avascular necrosis?

A
  • intra-capsular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 blood supplies to femoral head?

A
  • intramedullary artery
  • medial and lateral circumflex
  • artery of ligamentum teres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What would be the physical symptoms of a hip fracture?

A
  • unable to weight bear

- limb may be shorter and externally rotated if displaced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What it the name for the ‘normal’ curve of the femur and acetabulum on x-ray?

A
  • Shenton’s line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the treatment options for an intracapsular fracture of the femur?

A
  • Total hip replacement
  • compression hip screw
  • arthroplasty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the treatment options for an extracapsular fracture of the femur?

A
  • Dynamic hip screw

- transmedullary nail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the initial treatment of an open fracture?

A
  • Antibiotics within 3 hours

- IV co-amoxiclav

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment of choice for compartment syndrome?

A
  • fasciotomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What classification is used for fractures of the fibula?

A
  • Weber classification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Weber B fracture refers to what?

A
  • Fracture of the fibula at the level of the syndesmosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a complication of a tibia shaft fracture?

A
  • open

- compartment syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Schatzker classification is used for what?

A
  • tibial plateau fracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Femoral shaft fracture is associated with what?

A
  • significant blood loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What treatment is used for a femoral shaft fracture?

A
  • Thomas’ splint

- IM nail

18
Q

Distal radius fracture occurs after what type of injury?

A
  • FOOSH

- fall on outstretched hand

19
Q

Humeral shaft fracture may cause neurovascular injury to which nerve?

A
  • Radial nerve
20
Q

What is the most common shoulder dislocation

A
  • anterior
21
Q

What nerve must be assessed after a shoulder dislocation?

A
  • axillary nerve
22
Q

Interphalangeal joint dislocations are almost always ___anterior/posterior___

A
  • posterior
23
Q

Patella dislocations are most commonly _____

A
  • lateral
24
Q

What might be seen on examination of a patella dislocation?

A
  • pain medially
  • effusion
  • apprehension test
25
Q

What is concerning about a knee dislocation?

A
  • popliteal artery and vein injury

- peroneal nerve injury damage

26
Q

Management of a knee dislocation?

A
  • reduction under sedation
  • theatre reduction
  • stabilise and splint
27
Q

Hip dislocations may be a result of?

A
  • RTA

- high velocity injury

28
Q

Hip dislocations are most commonly_____

A
  • posterior
29
Q

What would be the presentation of a hip dislocation?

A
  • shortened limb
  • flexed
  • internally rotated
  • adducted knee
30
Q

What are the 2 most common complications of hip dislocation?

A
  • sciatic nerve palsy

- avascular necrosis

31
Q

What is the physis?

A
  • growth plate
32
Q

Why are children more likely to experience a greenstick fracture?

A
  • Thicker periosteum

- incomplete fracture

33
Q

What may be a red flag for NAI?

A
  • inconsistency in history
  • injury doesn’t match history
  • children under 2 with a fracture
  • previous injuries
  • delay in treatment
34
Q

What does HEID stand for?

A
  • History
  • Examination
  • Investigation
  • Diagnosis
35
Q

How might you assess the radial nerve in a child?

A
  • thumbs up
36
Q

How might you asses the median nerve in a child?

A
  • ok sign
37
Q

How might you assess the ulnar nerve in a child?

A
  • starfish
38
Q

What are the 3 Rs for fracture management?

A
  • Reduce
  • Retain
  • Rehabilitate
39
Q

What displaces fractures

A
  • Muscle action

- Gravity

40
Q

Treatment of a diaphyseal fracture?

A
  • joint above and below immobilised

- prevents rotation

41
Q

Treatment of a metaphyseal fracture?

A
  • adjacent joint immobilised
42
Q

Growth plate fracture classification?

A
  • Salter Harris classification

MSK (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions