Microbiology Flashcards
Why should rifampicin not be given as a monotherapy?
- will develop resistance
Define osteitis
- Inflammation of the bone
- Doesn’t say if it is due to an infection
Define osteomyelitis
- Infection of the bone
What is the most common site for osteomyelitis?
- The long bones
- Metaphysis
What are the 2 different methods of osteomyelitis infection?
- Contiguous
- Haematogenous
What is the most common bacteria responsible for osteomyelitis?
- S. aureus
What is the gold standard for diagnosing osteomyelitis?
- Bone biopsy
What is the treatment of osteomyelitis?
- Flucloxacillin (2 weeks IV, 4 oral)
- If chronic Oral Doxycycline or Co-trimoxazole
Form of infection in an open fracture?
- Contiguous
What is a sign there may be a diabetic bone infection?
- Diabetic with a non-nearing ulcer
- Bone probe tes
- visible bone
Treatment of a mild diabetic bone infection?
- Flucloxacillin or doxycycline
Treatment of a moderate diabetic bone infection?
- Flucloxacillin and metronidazole
What is the minimum duration of treatment for vertebra osteomyelitis
- minimum 6 weeks
- 9 months if TB
What are additional risk factors for developing a prosthetic joint infection?
- DM, RA, malignancy, corticosteroid, TNF inhibitors
Treatment of prosthetic joint infections?
- Remove prosthetic and clean
- antibiotics (6 or 12 weeks)
What is the investigation into septic arthritis?
- Urgent joint aspiration of synovial fluid
Treatment of septic arthritis?
- IV flucloxacillin
Term given to infection of skeletal muscle?
- Pyomyositis
Gas in tissue?
- Clostridium?
- myonecrosis
Describe the tetanus bacteria?
- Gram positive (clostridium)
- strict anaerobe
- spore forming
Treatment of tetanus?
- avoid stimulants (e.g. light`0
- surgical debridement
- antitoxin
- antibiotics
How long is the coverage of the tetanus vaccine?
- Boosters should be given every 10 years
Lock jaw is associated with what?
- tetanus
Tetanus is an invasive organism
True or False?
- False
- Non-invasive
- it is the neurotoxin that causes effect
