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MSK > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Why should rifampicin not be given as a monotherapy?

A
  • will develop resistance
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2
Q

Define osteitis

A
  • Inflammation of the bone

- Doesn’t say if it is due to an infection

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3
Q

Define osteomyelitis

A
  • Infection of the bone
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4
Q

What is the most common site for osteomyelitis?

A
  • The long bones

- Metaphysis

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5
Q

What are the 2 different methods of osteomyelitis infection?

A
  • Contiguous

- Haematogenous

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6
Q

What is the most common bacteria responsible for osteomyelitis?

A
  • S. aureus
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7
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing osteomyelitis?

A
  • Bone biopsy
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8
Q

What is the treatment of osteomyelitis?

A
  • Flucloxacillin (2 weeks IV, 4 oral)

- If chronic Oral Doxycycline or Co-trimoxazole

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9
Q

Form of infection in an open fracture?

A
  • Contiguous
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10
Q

What is a sign there may be a diabetic bone infection?

A
  • Diabetic with a non-nearing ulcer
  • Bone probe tes
  • visible bone
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11
Q

Treatment of a mild diabetic bone infection?

A
  • Flucloxacillin or doxycycline
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12
Q

Treatment of a moderate diabetic bone infection?

A
  • Flucloxacillin and metronidazole
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13
Q

What is the minimum duration of treatment for vertebra osteomyelitis

A
  • minimum 6 weeks

- 9 months if TB

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14
Q

What are additional risk factors for developing a prosthetic joint infection?

A
  • DM, RA, malignancy, corticosteroid, TNF inhibitors
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15
Q

Treatment of prosthetic joint infections?

A
  • Remove prosthetic and clean

- antibiotics (6 or 12 weeks)

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16
Q

What is the investigation into septic arthritis?

A
  • Urgent joint aspiration of synovial fluid
17
Q

Treatment of septic arthritis?

A
  • IV flucloxacillin
18
Q

Term given to infection of skeletal muscle?

A
  • Pyomyositis
19
Q

Gas in tissue?

A
  • Clostridium?

- myonecrosis

20
Q

Describe the tetanus bacteria?

A
  • Gram positive (clostridium)
  • strict anaerobe
  • spore forming
21
Q

Treatment of tetanus?

A
  • avoid stimulants (e.g. light`0
  • surgical debridement
  • antitoxin
  • antibiotics
22
Q

How long is the coverage of the tetanus vaccine?

A
  • Boosters should be given every 10 years
23
Q

Lock jaw is associated with what?

A
  • tetanus
24
Q

Tetanus is an invasive organism

True or False?

A
  • False
  • Non-invasive
  • it is the neurotoxin that causes effect
25
Q

Osteomyelitis is described as pyogenic. What does this mean?

A
  • Pus forming

- Contributes to bone death

26
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A
  • Syndrome that results from a swelling of a muscle, causing occlusion of the blood supply
  • Ischaemia can occur
27
Q

Treatment of compartment syndrome?

A
  • Fasciotomy

MSK (16 decks)

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