Bone tumours

Question 1

Osteo prefix means

Answer 1

• Bone

Question 2

Chondro prefix means

Answer 2

• cartilage

Question 3

Sarco prefix means

Answer 3

• soft tissue

Question 4

Sarcoma prefix means

Answer 4

• malignancy of bone/soft tissue

Question 5

What is the commonest primary bone tumour?

Answer 5

• multiple myeloma

Question 6

A primary bone tumour that causes bone formation?

Answer 6

• osteosarcoma

Question 7

A primary bone tumour that causes cartilage formation?

Answer 7

• Chondrosarcoma

Question 8

A primary tumour that causes bone destruction?

Answer 8

• Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 9

What are the 5 main secondary metastatic bone cancers?

Answer 9

• Breast
• Lung
• Thyroid
• Kidney
• Prostate

Question 10

Paget’s disease is characterised by what?

Answer 10

• bone remodelling

Question 11

What are some red flags for primary bone cancer?

Answer 11

• young patient
• persistent well localised bone pain
• pain worse at night
• palpable mas
• swelling and erythema

Question 12

What is used in the diagnosis and staging of bone cancer?

Answer 12

• Plain radiographs
• CT
• MRI
• Bone scan

Question 13

Neoadjuvant is given __before/after__ surgery

Answer 13

Before

Question 14

What is the most common primary sarcoma of bone?

Answer 14

• Osteosarcoma

Question 15

Where does osteosarcoma usually affect?

Answer 15

• distal femur
• proximal tibia
• knee

Question 16

What is the treatment of an osteosarcoma?

Answer 16

• chemo and limb salvage

Question 17

What age group does Ewing’s sarcoma affect?

Answer 17

• ages 5-25

Question 18

What are the symptoms of Ewing’s sarcoma?

Answer 18

• fever
• raised inflammatory markers
• warm swelling

Question 19

What is the treatment of Ewing’s sarcoma?

Answer 19

• chemo with limb salvage

Question 20

Where does Ewing’s sarcoma normally affect?

Answer 20

• Diaphysis of long bones

Question 21

Explain chondrosarcoma

Answer 21

• malignancy of chondrocytes

- cartilage producing

Question 22

What are the symptoms of chondrosarcoma?

Answer 22

• back pain
• sciatica
• bladder symptoms

Question 23

Common sites for chondrosarcoma?

Answer 23

• Pelvis

- proximal and distal femur

Question 24

Explain myeloma

Answer 24

• malignant clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells which arise from bone marrow

Question 25

Symptoms of myeloma?

Answer 25

• weakness
• back pain
• weight loss

Question 26

Investigations for myeloma?

Answer 26

• plasma protein electrophoresis

- early morning urine

Question 27

Osteoid osteoma may appear as what on x-ray?

Answer 27

• Little O shapes

Question 28

Treatment of osteoid osteoma?

Answer 28

• radio frequency ablation

Question 29

Bony pain, worse at night, relieved by aspirin may be?

Answer 29

• osteoid osteoma

Question 30

Osteoid osteoma is __benign/malignant__

Answer 30

• benign

Question 31

What is the commonest benign bone tumour?

Answer 31

• osteochondroma

Question 32

How might a osteochondroma appear?

Answer 32

• bony outgrowth on the external surface of bone

- surrounded by a cartilaginous cap

Question 33

Where does osteochondroma usually affect?

Answer 33

• epiphysis of long bone

- around the knee