Trauma Flashcards
What blood test measures organ perfusion?
lactate
What are the immediate physiologic changes in shock?
tachycardia
increased peripheral vascular resistance
Why is it difficult to find a pulse on a trauma pt?
high peripheral vascular resistance
What % of blood do you have to lose before dropping BP?
30-40%
What are the parts of the lethal triad?
acidosis
hypothermia
coagulopathy
What are the effects of acidosis in trauma?
coagulopathy
decreased PVR and CO
dysrhythmias
What are the effects of hypothermia in trauma?
coagulopathy
fibrinolysis
What causes traumatic coagulopathy?
fluid dilution hypoperfusion excessive activation of coag cascade fibrinolysis hypothermia acidosis
What induces the neuroendocrine response to trauma?
pain (afferent nerve)
hypovolemia (baroreceptors)
What 7 hormones are released in trauma?
renin aldo epi norepi ADH growth hormone glucagon
What are the systemic effects of the trauma neuroendocrine response?
conservation of fluids maintain BP mobilize carbs lipolysis delivery of nutrients to organs
What are major causes of breathing difficulty after trauma?
ARDS
fat emboli - PE
What is the metabolic response to trauma? (6)
hyperclycemia catabolism fatty acid mobilization extracellular osmolality high O2 consumption acidosis
How do bones heal with no strain on the fracture?
primary healing
How do bones heal with <10% strain?
secondary bone healing (endochondral)
