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MSK Block > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What defines a sarcomere?

A

Z-line to Z-line

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2
Q

What makes up thick filament?

A

myosin

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3
Q

What are invaginations of sarcolemma called?

A

t-tubules

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4
Q

What surrounds t-tubules?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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5
Q

What is held in sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Ca

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6
Q

What makes up the triad in a skeletal muscle cell?

A 
t-tubule
sarcoplasmic reticulum (x2)
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7
Q

What makes up the thin filament?

A

actin, tropomyosin, troponin

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8
Q

What is the function of troponin?

A

bind Ca and pull tropomyosin away from actin

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9
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

a single motor neuron and the fibers that it innervates

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10
Q

Where are the ACh receptors found at the NMJ?

A

top of the folds

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11
Q

Where are V-gated Na channels at the NMJ?

A

bottom of folds and longitudinal surfaces

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12
Q

Where are V-gated L-type Ca channels?

A

t-tubules

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13
Q

How are ryanodine receptors activated?

A

coupled to L-type Ca channels

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14
Q

What is the function of ryanodine receptors?

A

allow Ca from the SR into the cytosol

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15
Q

How many action potentials are needed to bind all troponin to Ca?

A

1

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16
Q

Describe cross bridge cycling

A
  1. ATP binds to myosin and causes release from actin
  2. ATP loses a phosphate and the myosin head returns to vertical
  3. Myosin-ADP reattaches to actin
  4. power stroke adn ADP diffuses off
17
Q

What causes myosin to detach from actin?

A

ATP

18
Q

How is Ca taken back into the SR?

A

SERCA pumps (ATPase)

19
Q

What is a twitch?

A

quick contraction from a single AP

20
Q

What is tetanus?

A

sustained contraction from repeated APs

21
Q

How are APs summated?

A

New AP fires before all the Ca is cleared from the cytosol

22
Q

Hallmarks of Type 1 muscle fibers

A

oxidative phosphorylation
contains myoglobin but not glycogen
slow twitch
does not fatigue

23
Q

Hallmarks of Type 2B fibers

A

glycolytic
fast twitch
white (no myoglobin)
fatigues quickly

24
Q

Hallmarks of Type 2A fibers

A

fast oxidative
has myoglobin and glycogen
medium fatigue resistance

25
Q

What is at the center of the sarcomere?

A

M line

26
Q

What band/zone surrounds the M line?

A

H zone

27
Q

What band/zone includes the entire thick filament?

A

A band

28
Q

What band/zone surrounds the Z disk?

A

I band

29
Q

What bands/zones shorten with contraction?

A

I band

H zone

MSK Block (19 decks)

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