Transportation of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Nutrients and Wastes Flashcards
Why is oxygen carried mostly in plasma?
not very soluble in water
name the two ways and percentage oxygen is carried in blood
1) in plasma dissolved (3%)
2) 97% carried in combination with hemoglobin in RBC’s
What is the compound created when oxygen combines with haemoglobin?
oxyhemoglobin
When does oxyhemoglobin break down and build up?
breaks down- when concentration of oxygen is low, like muscles needed
combines- when oxygen levels are high- lungs
How many ways is CO2 carried int he lungs?
3
name the three ways co2 is carried in the lungs and percentage ?
1) 8% in plasma
2) 22% as carbaminohemoglobin- when carbon dioxide combines with hemoglobin
3) 70% as bicarbonate ions- HCO3
What happens when co2 is turned into bicarbonate ions?
when CO2 reacts with water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). The carbonic acid then dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions
How are nutrients and wastes carried in blood?
Both (apart from carbon dioxide) are dissolved in plasma
Explain nutrients
Essential elements and molecules Obtained in food, organic and inorganic
name examples of organic and inorganic nutrients
inorg-ions, organ- glucose, amino acids
Explain wastes
Metabolic wastes, Substances produced by cells that cannot be used and are harmful if allowed to accumulate
name two important organic wastes that are transported in plasma
urea and uric acid
how are nutrients and wastes transported into and out of cells?
diffusion- to maintain the concentration gradient
Name the two ways concentration gradient is maintained
- flow of blood
- replacement of substances
why does the body not want carbonic acid?
acidifies blood
