The Heart

Question 1

What is the membrane around the heart and what does it do?

Answer 1

This membrane holds the heart in place, but allows it to move as it beats. It also prevents the heart from overstretching and is made of cardiac muscle

Question 2

Explain the movement of blood in the heart

Answer 2

Right Atrium (receives deoxygenated blood from the body- and pumps it to the right ventricle), Right Ventricle (receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium- and pumps it to the right), left atrium (receives oxygenated blood from the lungs- pumps it to the left ventricle), Left ventricle (receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium- pumps it to the body)

Question 3

What are the two types of circulation and where they work?

Answer 3

pulmonary- to/from lungs

systematic-to/from body

Question 4

Name the valves of the heart

Answer 4

semilunar, bi/tricuspid

Question 5

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 5

The cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, is a sequence of events that occurs in one complete beat of a heart

Question 6

How do the left and right sides work together?

Answer 6

Although the left and right sides are two pumps, they operate together, as both atria contract simultaneously, as do the ventricles

Question 7

What are the two phases of a heart beat and their description

Answer 7

Systole- the contraction phase

Diastole- the relaxation phase (filling phase)

Question 8

Explain the basic three steps of the heartbeat

Answer 8

1) atria and ventricles diastole
2) atrial systole
3) ventricular systole

Question 9

Explain step one of the heart beat

Answer 9

Atria and Ventricles both in diastole

- The atria fill with blood, and ventricles also receive blood as the valves open between them.

Question 10

Explain step two of the heart beat

Answer 10

2) Atrial Systole
- Atria contracts, forcing blood into the ventricles
- Semi lunar valves close
- Bi/tricuspid valves open

Question 11

Explain step three of the heart beat

Answer 11

3) Ventricular Systole
- Atria relax and fill
- Ventricles contract forcing blood out of heart into arteries
- Semi lunar valves open
- Bi/tricuspid valves close, forcing blood to move out of heart and prevent backflow into atriums

Question 12

When is diastolic and systolic b.p. measured?

Answer 12

d- atria and ventriclepar diastole

s- ventricular syostole

Question 13

When is systole at its highest

Answer 13

systole

Question 14

what are the two sounds of a heartbeat?

Answer 14

first- bi/tricuspid valves closing, the second is the semi-lunar valves closing