Transplantation Flashcards
What is an Autograft? Isograft? Allograft? Xenograft?
Auto: one part of body to another.
Iso: between genetically identical people.
Allo: Different members of same species.
Xeno: between members of different species.
What are some major reasons host versus graft responses occur?
- Differences in major HLA antigens.
- High freq. of host T cells recognizing graft HLA.
- Host T cells recognizing minor HLA Ags.
What is graft versus host disease?
Graft lymphocytes attack recipient.
What is a Hyperacute rejection? Mediated by?
Occurs within minutes to hours by Antibodies.
What is Acute rejection? Mediated by?
Occurs in days-weeks by alloreactive T cells.
What are the two major methods for prevention of allograft rejection?
- Careful matching of donor and recipeint (Blood type, HLA).
- Use immunosuppressive drugs to block immune response.
HLA matching is also called?
Tissue typing.
What is tissue cross-matching?
Determines whether a patient has Antibodies that will react to donor WBC.
Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus are what type of inhibitors? Mechanism?
Block T-cell activation by calcineurin inhibition which blocks IL-2 production.
Sirolimus is what type of inhibitor? Mechanism?
Block T cell function by inhibiting mTOR which prevents IL-2 proliferation.
Antithymocyte Globulin is what type of inhibitor? Mechanism?
Block T and B cells by binding to them.
Murononab is what type of inhibitor? Mechanism?
Depletes circulating T cells by binding to a-CD3.
Daclizumab and Basiliximab are what type of inhibitors? Mechanism?
Blocks T cell proliferation by binding to IL-2 receptors and preventing IL-2 binding.
Azathioprine and Mycophenolate mofetil are what type of inibitors? Mechanism/
Block T and B cell proliferation by inhibition of purine synthesis.
Prednisone and Methylprednisolone are what type of Drugs? Inhibit what? Mechanisms?
Corticosteroid drugs. Inhibits both T and B cell function. decreases synthesis of Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes.
