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5244 Immunity > Innate Immunity I > Flashcards

Innate Immunity I Flashcards

1
Q

What is Innate Immunity?

A

General non-specific immunity similar in all individuals with no memory mechanisms.

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2
Q

What is Adaptive Immunity?

A

Specific recognition response that varies in individuals and acquires memory for particular invaders.

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3
Q

What PAMPs are recognized in RNA viruses?

A

double-stranded RNA

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4
Q

What PAMPs are recognized in Gram-positive? Gram-Negative?

A

Positive: Teichoic acid and peptidoglycans in cell wall
Negative: lipopolysaccharides

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5
Q

What are some of the main physical barriers in host defense?

A
  1. Eyes: tears, lysozymes
  2. Skin: sloughing, antimicrobial secresions, pH
  3. Respiratory: Mucous, Cilliated, Macorphages
  4. GI Tract: Acidity in stomach, formal flora, bile
  5. UI Tract: Urine, Lysozymes.
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6
Q

What is the main role of phagocytes?

A

Produce cytokines/chemokines and ingest microbes.

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7
Q

What is the difference between cytokines and chemokines?

A

Cyto: General chemical signaling molecules
Chemo: Movement specific chemical signaling

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8
Q

What is opsonization?

A

Chemical signaling and activation of a phagocyte to destroy specific pathogens.

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9
Q

What are dendritic cells?

A

Phagocytic cells that can process and present antigens to B-Cells

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10
Q

What is an antigen? Epitope?

A

Antigen=Molecule that triggers an immune response

Epitope=Portion of antigen that is recognized by antibody or phagocyte.

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11
Q

where do immune cells come derive from? What are the two main lineages?

A

Derive from Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC).

Myeloid and lymphoid lineages.

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12
Q

What cells come from Myeloid progenitor cells?

A

Neutrophil, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Mast cells, Macrophage.

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13
Q

What cells come from Lympoid progenitor cells?

A

B-cells, T-cells, Natural Killer Cells.

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14
Q

What are the 3 formed elements?

A

Erythrocytes, Platelets, Leukocytes.

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15
Q

What do neutrophils do?

A

Major phagocytes, acute inflammation.

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16
Q

What do Eosinophils do?

A

Parasite defense and inflammation regulation.

17
Q

What do basophils do?

A

Contains histamines and involved in allergies.

18
Q

What are Follicular dendritic cells?

A

Dendritic cells that collect and store antigens. B-cells then see these antigens and accumulate and proliferate.

19
Q

What are Langerhan cells?

A

Dendritic cells that are specialized in the keratinized epidermis.

20
Q

What are M cells?

A

Dentritic cells in gut that transport lumen samples to lymphoid tissue.

21
Q

What do Plasmacytoid dentritic cells do?

A

Circulate in the blood and produce type 1 interferons.

22
Q

Where can tertiary lymphoid tissue occur?

A

in sites of chronic infection.

5244 Immunity (16 decks)

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