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Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims > Transcription > Flashcards

Transcription Flashcards

1
Q

Sequence of 3 bases in an mRNA are called

A

Codons

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2
Q

Start codon

A

AUG

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3
Q

Stop codons

A

UAA
UAG
UGA

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4
Q

tRNA has 3 nucleotide bases called what

A

anticodon

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5
Q

The process of copying the sequence of one strand of DNA (Template strand)

A

DNA Transcription

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6
Q

mRNA copies what strand

A

Template strand

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7
Q

Key element in promoter

A

TATA box

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8
Q

3 kinds of polymerase

A

Polymerase I (A)
Polymerase II (B)
Polymerase III (C)

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9
Q

Polymerase that catalyzes the formation of rRNA

A

Polymerase I

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10
Q

Polymerase that catalyzes the formation of mRNA

A

Polymerase II

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11
Q

Polymerase that catalyzes the formation of tRNA

A

Polymerase III

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12
Q

Regions in DNA where RNA polymerases must bind to begin the transcription of RNA

A

Promoters

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13
Q

Element of Promoter and a.k.a Hogness Box

A

TATA box

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14
Q

Can initiate transcription with the use of INR and DPE

A

TATAless promoter

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15
Q

INR means

A

Initiator Element

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16
Q

DPE means

A

Downstream Promoter Element

17
Q

Sequence of INR

A

TCA (G or T) T( T or C)

18
Q

Sequence of DPE

A

(A or G) G (A or T) CGTG

19
Q

Forms an apparatus that binds DNA and initiates transcription

A

Transcription Factors

20
Q

Transcription Steps

A

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

21
Q

Will recognize the TATA box and bind to it

A

Transcription factor IID

22
Q

Binds to TATA box and recruits other transcription factors

A

TFIID

23
Q

Stabilizes the IID so it wont be removed

A

TFIIA

24
Q

Aids in starts sign selection and link the RNA Polymerase II

A

TFIIB

25
Q

Destabilizes non-specific interactions of RNA Polymerase II and DNA, so it wont get attached to the other parts of the DNA

A

TFIIF

26
Q

Will melt the promoter, since it is a helicase and will activate RNA Polymerase II since it is a kinase

A

TFIIH

27
Q

Enhances promoter melting and semi-controls the function of TFIIH

A

TFIIE

28
Q

When does Initiation Step end

A

At Elongation Complex

29
Q

What is added in the Elongation step

A

Nucleotides

30
Q

Termination Signal which is found after the stop codon

A

AAUAAA

31
Q

Cleaves the RNA from RNA Polymerase II

A

CPSF

32
Q

CPSF meaning

A

Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor

33
Q

The RNA that is the direct copy of the DNA

A

Primary Transcript

34
Q

Happens at the 5’ end of the RNA and GTP is usually added shortly after RNA Polymerase makes the 5’ end primary transcript

A

RNA Capping

35
Q

Modifies the 3’ end of the primary transcript by the addition of a string of A’s

A

Polyadenylation

36
Q

Forms spliceosome

A

snRNPS

37
Q

What is added to the 5’ end of a newly copied mRNA

A

Guanosine Triphosphate cap

38
Q

What is added to the 3’ end of a newly copied mRNA

A

Poly A tail

Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims (10 decks)

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