DNA Replication Flashcards
Double stranded molecule with a double helix structure
DNA Structure
3 components of DNA structure
Phosphate group
Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Process by which double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules
DNA Replication
Replication units called ________, which forms bubbles and are stretches of DNA with a single origin of replication
Replicons
3 models of DNA Replication
Semiconservative
Conservative
Dispersive
DNA replication model where each of the two molecule created would be a complex of a parent and daughter strand
Semiconservative
DNA replication model where the process would create a brand-new DNA double helix made of two daughter strands while the parental chain would stay together
Consevative
DNA replication model where the process would create two DNA double-chains, each of them with parts of both parents and daughter molecules
Dispersive
Which DNA replication model is the correct model
Semiconservative
Who proved that the Semiconservative model of DNA Replication is the correct model
Matthew Meselson
Franklin Stahl
Synthesizes the Leading strand and replicates towards the replication fork
Continuous Replication
Synthesizes the Lagging strand
Occurs in short segments called Okazaki fragments
Replicates away from the replication fork
Discontinuous Replication
5 Enzymes in DNA Replication
Helicase
Primase
Clamp Protein
DNA Polymerase
Ligase
Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix
Helicase
Which enzyme synthesizes short oligonucleotides (primers)
Primase
Which enzyme allows the leading strand to be threaded through
Clamp Protein
Which enzyme joins the assembled nucleotides and acts as a builder because it adds new nucleotides
DNA Polymerase
Joins Okazaki fragments in the lagging strands; Glues DNA fragments together
Ligase
Synthesized continuously as a single strand from the point of origin toward the opening replication fork
Leading Strand
Synthesized discontinuously against overall direction of replication
Lagging Strand
Series of short segments on the lagging strand
Okazaki Fragments
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
Helicase unwinds the DNA and separates the strands
Step 1
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
Single-stranded binding proteins attach and keep the 2 DNA strands separated and untwisted
Step 2
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
Primase creates the primers on both strands
Step 3
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
DNA polymerase can then add the new nucleotides
Step 4
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
DNA polymerase proofreads, checks activity, and replaces incorrect bases
Step 5
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
Replication continues. Synthesis of Continuous and Discontinuous strands
Step 6
Identify which Step # in DNA Replication:
Enzymes remove RNA primers
Step 7
Where does energy for bonding come from
Nucleotides (contains ATP)
RNA primer is built by?
Primase
Serves as starter sequence for DNA Polymerase III
RNA primer
