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Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims > Gametogenesis > Flashcards

Gametogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Either the mature sperm or the mature ovum

A

Gamete

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2
Q

The fusion of a sperm and egg to form a zygote

A

Fertilization

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3
Q

Number of chromosomes in an an Egg

A

23

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4
Q

Number of chromosomes in a Sperm

A

23

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5
Q

Number of chromosomes in a Zygote

A

46

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6
Q

Shows the total number of chromosomes present in the cell

A

Karyotype

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7
Q

Development of male and female sex cells

A

Gametogenesis

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8
Q

Formed by the union of the mature sperm with mature ovum

A

Zygote

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9
Q

Gametogenesis for Male

A

Spermatogenesis

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10
Q

Gametogenesis for Female

A

Oogensis

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11
Q

Formation of Spermatozoa

A

Spermatogenesis

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12
Q

1st stage of sperm formation

A

Spermatocytogenesis

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13
Q

Spermatogenesis occurs where

A

Seminiferous Tubules

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14
Q

2 distinct maturational processes of Spermatogenesis

A

Spermatocytogenesis
Spermiogenesis

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15
Q

1st stage of spermatogenesis

A

Spermatocytogenesis

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16
Q

Number of chromosomes in a Primary Spermatocyte

A

46 (diploid)

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17
Q

Result of Meiosis I in Spermatogenesis

A

Secondary Spermatocytes

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18
Q

Number of chromosomes in a secondary spermatocyte

A

23 (hapliod)

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19
Q

Do secondary spermatocytes contain DNA?

A

No

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20
Q

Which phase of Meiosis:

Homologous chromosomes separate and move towards the opposite pole

A

Anaphase I

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21
Q

Which phase of Meiosis:

Sister chromatids separate

A

Anaphase II

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22
Q

Phase in Spermatogenesis where chromosomes will line up at the metaphase plate where the chromatids will separate

A

Meiosis II

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23
Q

Result of Meiosis II

A

4 Spermatids

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24
Q

Number of chromosomes in a Spermatogonium

A

46 (diploid)

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25
Q

Differentiation of spermatids to spermatozoa

A

Spermiogenesis

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26
Q

Spermatids -> spermatozoa

A

Spermiogenesis

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27
Q

Will help release the attached spermatids

A

Sustentacular cells

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28
Q
  • Spermatids
  • Sperm Cells

________ are spherical; ___________ are elongated

A

Spermatids - Spherical
Sperm cells - Elongated

29
Q

Parts of sperm cell

A

Head
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Tail

30
Q

Part of sperm cell head that contains digestive enzymes so that it can penetrate the egg cell

A

Acrosome Cap

31
Q

What secretes GnRH

A

Hypothalamus

32
Q

GnRH stimulates _______ to secretes FSH

A

Anterior Pituitary

33
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is produced & stimulated by

A

Anterior Pituitary

34
Q

FSH function in Men

A

Promotes sperm production
Binds to Sertoli

35
Q

Binds to testosterone to keep levels high

A

Androgen Binding Protein

36
Q

What hormone stimulates Leydig Cells

A

Luteinizing Hormone

37
Q

LH function in Men

A

Control testosterone production

38
Q

Parents cells that produce haploid oocytes through meiosis are called?

39
Q

Oogonia are located where

40
Q

Oogonia enter what phase during fetal development

A

Prophase I

41
Q

In Oogenesis, what are the cells in Prophase I

A

Primary Oocytes

42
Q

Number of chromosomes in an Oogonia

A

46 (diploid)

43
Q

What do Primary Oocytes undergo during fetal development?

44
Q

Stops in Meiosis I and will continue until after puberty

A

Arrested Stage

45
Q

Primary Oocytes in Primordial Follicles are surrounded by

A

Flat Follicular Cells

46
Q

In late primary follicles, the primary oocyte is surrounded by

A

Granulosa Cells

47
Q

Found between the primary oocyte and the granulosa cells

A

Zona Pellucida

48
Q

Organized layer of stromal cells that surrounds the basement membrane in a primary follicle

A

Theca Folliculi

49
Q

Follicle where Antrum is present

A

Secondary Follicle

50
Q

A cavity filled with follicular fluid produced by granulosa cells

51
Q

Secondary oocyte splits into

A

2 haploid cells

52
Q

Secondary oocyte develops at what phase

A

Metaphase II

53
Q

In a secondary oocyte, meiosis II is only completed only if what occurs

A

Fertilization

54
Q

What do you call the smaller cell of the 2 unequal daughter cells produced after Meiosis I

A

Polar Body

55
Q

What do you call the larger cell of the 2 unequal daughter cells produced after Meiosis I

A

Secondary Oocyte

56
Q

What do you call the larger cell of the 2 unequal daughter cells produced after Meiosis II

57
Q

What do you call the smaller cell of the 2 unequal daughter cells produced after Meiosis II

A

Polar body

58
Q

Oogenesis after puberty:

Meiosis I produces what

A

2 daughter cells

59
Q

Oogenesis after puberty:

Secondary oocyte will stop developing at what phase

A

Metaphase II

60
Q

Oogenesis after puberty:

If fertilized, secondary oocyte completes what?

A

Meiosis II

61
Q

Number of chromosomes in an Ovum

62
Q

If a secondary oocyte is not fertilized, it degenerates in ____ hours?

63
Q

FSH function in Women

A
  • Initiates follicular growth
  • Secretion of estrogen by growth follicles
64
Q

LH function in Women

A
  • Stimulates the further development of ovarian follicles and their full secretion of estrogens
  • Promotes formation of corpus luteum
65
Q

Hormone that helps to relax the ligaments in the pelvis

66
Q

Hormone that acts primarily to inhibit secretion of FSH

67
Q

2 Phases of menstrual cycle

A
  • Follicular phase
  • Post-Ovulatory / Luteal Phase
68
Q

Surrounding structure of the Ovum:

Several layers of cuboidal cells

A

Corona radiata

69
Q

Surrounding structure of the Ovum:

A clear layer of proteins on the ovum under the corona radiata

A

Zona Pellucida

Cytogenetics 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims (10 decks)

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