Training Principles Flashcards
Training
The Army trains the way it operates.
It does this by replicating in training how we expect to fight,
–>closing the gap between operations and training.
What are the 3 training domains
Institutional Domain
- Education
- Army centers/schools that provide INITIAL training and subsequent functional and professional military education and training for Soldiers, military leaders, and Army Civilians.
- Examples: NCOA, SLC, MLC, SWC, ILE
Operational Domain (Individual / Collective Training)
- Training
- Encompasses training activities that unit leaders schedule, and individuals, units and organizations undertake.
- Leaders undergo the bulk of their development
- PROGRESSIVE TRAINING at home centers, mobilization centers
- Examples: NTC, JRTC, JCETs
Self-Development Domain
- Experience
- PLANNED AND GOAL ORIENTED learning that reinforces and expands the depth and breadth of an individual’s knowledge base and self-awareness.
- Bridge gaps between operational and institutional domains.
- Examples: BA, advanced degree, credentialing.
Individual training / task (DOM)
An individual task is a clearly.... -defined, -observable, and -measurable..... activity accomplished by an individual.
They are the lowest behavior or action in a job or duty that is performed.
Individual task training and evaluation outlines (T&EOs) provide the detail of task performance and evaluation.
Foundation for units train more complex collective tasks at the unit level
Collective Training
Provide examples
Unit training to prepare cohesive detachments, companies, battalions, and groups to accomplish their CRITICAL WARTIME MISSIONS SUCCESSFULLY
Examples: CTCs, CULEXs, EXEVALs, Detachment Training Concepts
Multi-echelon Training
Multi-echelon training is a training TECHNIQUE that allows for the SIMULTANEOUS TRAINING of more than one echelon on different or complementary tasks.
Collective training capitalizes on a multi-echelon approach, unified action partners, and multinational force training opportunities whenever possible.
Principles of Training (CNSF, Train x5)
- Commanders are the Primary Trainers
- NCOs Train individuals, crews, and small teams, advise CDRs on all Aspects of Training
- Sustain Levels of Training Proficiency over time
- Fight to Train
- Train Using Multi-echelon Techniques to Maximize Time and Resource Efficiency
- Train as a Combined Arms Team
- Train to Standard Using Appropriate Doctrine
- Train as you Fight
- Train to Maintain
The role of the commander (BED PEE)
Be present and actively engaged in training
Ensure training is conducted to standard
- T&EOs
- weapon system publications.
Demonstrate tactical and technical proficiency
Protect training by eliminating distractors
Effectively manage risk by continuously reviewing risk assessment and managing mitigation and control measures
Ensure training is lead by certified NCOs and Officers
MET
A mission-essential task (MET) is a COLLECTIVE TASK on which an organization trains to be PROFICIENT in its designed capabilities or assigned mission.
METL
A mission-essential task list (METL) is a tailored group of mission essential tasks.
Commanders are the primary trainers
Responsible and accountable for the training and performance of their units.
***Commanders train and resource training one echelon down, and they evaluate to two echelons down.
They are responsible for assessing unit training proficiency and prioritizing unit training. Subordinate unit leaders are the primary trainers of their elements.
Non-commissioned Officers Train Individuals , Crews, and Small Teams; Advise Commanders on all Aspects of Training:
FOUNDATION of Army Training
Responsible for small unit training PROFICIENCY
Help identify and PRIORITIZE unit collective tasks that support unit METs
Train and enforce STANDARDS
Focus training on sustaining STRENGHTHS and improving WEAKNESSES
Train Using Multi-echelon Techniques to Maximize Time and Resource Efficiency :
The simultaneous training of multiple echelons on complementary tasks is the most efficient and effective way to train because it optimizes the use of time and resources.
Train as a Combined Arms Team:
Regularly train with the organizations they operate, and the capabilities with which they intend to fight. Leaders must proactively plan and coordinate training to account for as many elements and domains as possible
Train to Standard Using Appropriate Doctrine:
A STANDARD is the proficiency required to accomplish a task under a specified set of conditions that reflect the dynamic complexities of operational environments
Use a regionally based, decisive action training environment
Train as you Fight:
Leaders create training environments as close to combat-like conditions as possible.
Such training environments include opposing forces that replicate tough, realistic, and relevant near-peer threats in a variety of operational variables so Soldiers and units train to overcome the stress, chaos, uncertainty, and complexity of combat.
Sustain Levels of Training Proficiency over time:
Commanders not only strive to reach training proficiency, but also seek to sustain levels of proficiency over time
Leaders actively and aggressively work to mitigate the effects of task atrophy by using available training resources to extend training proficiency.
Effectively leveraging live, virtual, and constructive environments assists leaders in sustaining training proficiency and enabling task mastery.
Train to Maintain :
Keep personnel, equipment, and systems in the fight. Leaders ensure units conduct MAINTANENCE under all conditions to sustain effective combat power over time and significant distances.
Fight to Train:
Fight through distractions and protect training.
**It is the higher echelon commander’s responsibility to defend their subordinate organization’s approved training from un-forecasted requirements and to underwrite associated risk to lower priority missions
PRINCIPLES OF LEADER DEVELOPMENT (SPEEED)
Senior leaders develop subordinates.
- plan carefully
- execute aggressively,
- evaluate short-term achievements in terms of required long-term results.
Proactive process and is an integral part of training plans, meetings, and briefings.
Establishing leader goals, objectives, and expectations
Ensuring training plans include leader development training objectives.
Evaluating and assessing leaders as part of the training process.
Developing leaders who can fight their formations and win - training is the key/most important leader development we do.
Unit Training Management
The commander is central to determining the few tasks on which the unit must train. Commanders with the assistance of unit leadership
Mission Essential Task Prioritization
Due to time and resource limitations, units are rarely able to achieve and sustain fully trained proficiency on all METs simultaneously
Commanders therefore prioritize their METs to identify the METs that must be resourced and trained to ‘T’ proficiency.
Prioritization of METs is based on mission requirements (concept plan or operation plan and future expected missions) approved by the next higher echelon commander.
METs identified and approved as lower priority are resourced to maintain proficiency, but are not the unit’s training priority.
Tasks Below the Company Level
Leaders of echelons below company level must also prioritize the collective tasks on which their echelon trains. Limited time and resources prevent lower echelon organizations from simultaneously attaining a ‘T’ proficiency on all collective tasks that support their organization’s METs.
Battle Tasks
PRIORITIZED COLLECTIVE TASKS below company level that are critical to the successful accomplishment of prioritized company METs
A battle task is a platoon or lower echelon collective task that is crucial to the successful accomplishment of a Company, Battalion, or Group mission essential task.
SFOD-A skills requirement
2 x SLJM 1x SFSC lvl II 1x SFSC lvl I 1 x ASOT-C 4x Achilles Dagger 1x JFO (Joint Fires Observer) 1x SUAS (soldier unmanned aircraft system) All SFAUC
CDRs role is training BEEEPD
Be present and actively engaged
Ensure training is conducted to standard IAW T&Eos
Ensure training is lead by certified NCOs and Officers
Effectively manage risk – review controls and otherwise
Protect training by eliminating risk
Demonstrate technical and tactical proficiency
T&EOs are what and why
Are the standards for determining collective task proficiency’s
Each MET is assessed independently using the standards outlined in its T&EO.
Operational environment
A composite of the CONDITIONS, CIRCUMSTANCES, and INFLUENCES that AFFECT the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the cdr.
Static
Aspects of the oe (PMESII-PT) needed to simulate mission variables are FIXED throughout the unit execution of tasks.
Dynamic
Operational variables and threat TTPs for assigned counter tasks CHANGE in response to the execution of friendly forces.
Complex
Requires minimum 4, terrain, time, military, social, or more.
8 must be present for brigade or higher.
Single Threat
Conventional force, irregular force, criminal element or terrorist force.
Hybrid Threat
Combination of conventional, irregular, terrorist forces, and criminal elements unified.
Purpose of Global Force Management
To allocate forces to the GCCs around the world for missions. POTUS determines global priorities, SECDEF allocates forces and resources to GCC.
What are the 6 principles of leader development. SLEEED
Senior leaders develop subordinates
Leader development is a proactive process
Establishing leader goals, objectives
Ensuring training plans include leader development training objectives
Evaluating and assessing leaders
Developing leaders who can fight and win
T (Fully Trained)
90% or more of both performance measures and leader performance measures, 100% of all critical performance measures.
P (Practiced)
Go in 65% or more of all performance measures, 80% or more of all leader performance measures, and 100% of all critical performance measures.
U (untrained)
Go in leads than 50% of all performance measures, less then 80% in all leader performance measures, and less than 100% in all critical performance measures.
What is the purpose of Global Force Management?
Enables SECDEF to make informed force management decisions. President and SECDEF allocate forces to meet current and future requirements.
