trace minerals done Flashcards
Dietary sources of this mineral include brewer’s yeast, liver, nuts
and whole grains
chromium
Cooking in stainless steel can increase food’s
_________content
chromium
what is chromium used in in the body?
Involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
what trace mineral is important to dental health and helps bones?
fluoride
_________-rich foods reduce the
bioavailability of fluoride
Calcium
what is the UL of iron?
45 mg/day
what is the RDI for iron?
8-18mg/day
where do you get iron?
red meats, leafy greens, dried fruit, whole and enriched grains
who is at risk for an iron deficiency?
infacts and preschool children, adolescents, women, pregnant women, athletes and vegetarians
if iron is low, could cause low _______ stores
hemoglobin
what are the trace minerals?
Include iron, zinc, copper, manganese,
selenium, iodine, fluoride, chromium and
molybdenum
trace minerals are all Required in amounts less than ____mg/
day
100
n Rate of __________ is a concern for
trace elements
bioavailability
_________is the iron-containing
component of the blood
Hemoglobin
________iron—from animal products
Heme
_______ iron—from plant products
n Iron cookware can be a source of nonheme iron in the
diet
Nonheme
is nonheme or hene iron mroe efficiently absorbed?
heme
Iron from the diet is absorbed into the
……..
intestinal mucosal cells
_________—the major iron storage protein
Ferritin
________—an iron transport protein in the
blood
Transferrin
__________—an insoluble iron storage
compound produced by the body when iron exceeds the storage capacity of ferritin
Hemosiderin
Iron is essential for the delivery of _______ to cells
oxygen
_______________—when there is
insufficient hemoglobin, red blood cells are
microcytic and hypochromic and unable to
deliver sufficient oxygen to the tissues
Iron deficiency anemia
It is estimated that as much as _____of the world’s population may be iron deficient
and 30% suffer from iron deficiency anemia
80%
A UL of iron has been set at ___mg/day from all
sources
45
n Iron poisoning can be life-threatening
q It can damage the intestinal lining and cause
abnormalities in body __, shock and _____ failure
n Iron overload can happen over time and
accumulates in tissues such as the heart and
the liver
pH and liver
Hemochromatosis—the most common form
of _____overload
iron
what foods are high in iron?
lentils, beef, spinach
zinc from _______ sources are better absorbed than zinc from
______ sources
Animal and plant
Most abundant intracellular trace element is ….
zinc
Involved in the functioning of over 300 different
enzymes, including s__________ ______
superoxide dismutase
Important for protecting cells from _____ -__________
damage
free radical
what foods contain the most zinc?
beef, crab, chocolate, nuts
The richest dietary source of copper is
________
organ meat
Copper may be important in helping to
prevent certain types of _____
anemia
_____ can decrease the bioavailability of
copper
zinc
what foods are high in manganese
whole grains and nuts
________-requiring enzymes are
involved in amino acid, carbohydrate and
cholesterol metabolism, cartilage
formation, urea synthesis and antioxidant
protection
Manganese
_______, like copper and zinc, is needed
for the activity of a form of superoxide
dismutase
Manganese
The selenium content of plant foods, such
as grains and seeds, depends on the
selenium content of the ______in which they
are grown
soil
Symptoms of selenium deficiency include
_________ and _____________
muscular discomfort and weakness
Selenium deficiency can lead to _____
disease, affecting the heart muscle
Keshan
what foods are high in selenium?
crab, salmon, chicken, beef
________ and _________ occur in people in China with high selenium levels in the soil.
hair and nail brittleness
______ content of food depends on the soil where
plants are grown or where animals graze
Iodine
Soil near the _____is higher in iodine than soil _______
ocean and inland
Most of the iodine in the diet comes from __________
iodized
salt
More than half the iodine in the body is found in
the _____________
thyroid gland
