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Advanced nutrition > trace minerals done > Flashcards

trace minerals done Flashcards

1
Q

Dietary sources of this mineral include brewer’s yeast, liver, nuts
and whole grains

A

chromium

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2
Q

Cooking in stainless steel can increase food’s
_________content

A

chromium

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3
Q

what is chromium used in in the body?

A

Involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

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4
Q

what trace mineral is important to dental health and helps bones?

A

fluoride

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5
Q

_________-rich foods reduce the
bioavailability of fluoride

A

Calcium

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6
Q

what is the UL of iron?

A

45 mg/day

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7
Q

what is the RDI for iron?

A

8-18mg/day

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8
Q

where do you get iron?

A

red meats, leafy greens, dried fruit, whole and enriched grains

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9
Q

who is at risk for an iron deficiency?

A

infacts and preschool children, adolescents, women, pregnant women, athletes and vegetarians

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10
Q

if iron is low, could cause low _______ stores

A

hemoglobin

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11
Q

what are the trace minerals?

A

Include iron, zinc, copper, manganese,
selenium, iodine, fluoride, chromium and
molybdenum

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12
Q

trace minerals are all Required in amounts less than ____mg/
day

A

100

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13
Q

n Rate of __________ is a concern for
trace elements

A

bioavailability

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14
Q

_________is the iron-containing
component of the blood

A

Hemoglobin

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15
Q

________iron—from animal products

A

Heme

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16
Q

_______ iron—from plant products
n Iron cookware can be a source of nonheme iron in the
diet

A

Nonheme

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17
Q

is nonheme or hene iron mroe efficiently absorbed?

A

heme

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18
Q

Iron from the diet is absorbed into the
……..

A

intestinal mucosal cells

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19
Q

_________—the major iron storage protein

A

Ferritin

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20
Q

________—an iron transport protein in the
blood

A

Transferrin

21
Q

__________—an insoluble iron storage
compound produced by the body when iron exceeds the storage capacity of ferritin

A

Hemosiderin

22
Q

Iron is essential for the delivery of _______ to cells

A

oxygen

23
Q

_______________—when there is
insufficient hemoglobin, red blood cells are
microcytic and hypochromic and unable to
deliver sufficient oxygen to the tissues

A

Iron deficiency anemia

24
Q

It is estimated that as much as _____of the world’s population may be iron deficient
and 30% suffer from iron deficiency anemia

A

80%

25
Q

A UL of iron has been set at ___mg/day from all
sources

A

45

26
Q

n Iron poisoning can be life-threatening
q It can damage the intestinal lining and cause
abnormalities in body __, shock and _____ failure
n Iron overload can happen over time and
accumulates in tissues such as the heart and
the liver

A

pH and liver

27
Q

Hemochromatosis—the most common form
of _____overload

A

iron

28
Q

what foods are high in iron?

A

lentils, beef, spinach

29
Q

zinc from _______ sources are better absorbed than zinc from
______ sources

A

Animal and plant

30
Q

Most abundant intracellular trace element is ….

A

zinc

31
Q

Involved in the functioning of over 300 different
enzymes, including s__________ ______

A

superoxide dismutase

32
Q

Important for protecting cells from _____ -__________
damage

A

free radical

33
Q

what foods contain the most zinc?

A

beef, crab, chocolate, nuts

34
Q

The richest dietary source of copper is
________

A

organ meat

35
Q

Copper may be important in helping to
prevent certain types of _____

A

anemia

36
Q

_____ can decrease the bioavailability of
copper

A

zinc

37
Q

what foods are high in manganese

A

whole grains and nuts

38
Q

________-requiring enzymes are
involved in amino acid, carbohydrate and
cholesterol metabolism, cartilage
formation, urea synthesis and antioxidant
protection

A

Manganese

39
Q

_______, like copper and zinc, is needed
for the activity of a form of superoxide
dismutase

A

Manganese

40
Q

The selenium content of plant foods, such
as grains and seeds, depends on the
selenium content of the ______in which they
are grown

A

soil

41
Q

Symptoms of selenium deficiency include
_________ and _____________

A

muscular discomfort and weakness

42
Q

Selenium deficiency can lead to _____
disease, affecting the heart muscle

A

Keshan

43
Q

what foods are high in selenium?

A

crab, salmon, chicken, beef

44
Q

________ and _________ occur in people in China with high selenium levels in the soil.

A

hair and nail brittleness

45
Q

______ content of food depends on the soil where
plants are grown or where animals graze

A

Iodine

46
Q

Soil near the _____is higher in iodine than soil _______

A

ocean and inland

47
Q

Most of the iodine in the diet comes from __________

A

iodized
salt

48
Q

More than half the iodine in the body is found in
the _____________

A

thyroid gland

Advanced nutrition (15 decks)

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