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Advanced nutrition > lecture 3 > Flashcards

lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

process of breaking food into components small enough to be absorbed

A

digestion

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2
Q

Process of taking substances into the interior of the body

A

absorption

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3
Q

Hollow tube consisting of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus

A

gastrointestinal tract

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4
Q

Amount of time it takes food to pass the length of the GI
tract – ____ to ___days

A

2 to 3

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5
Q

what hormone Stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl)

A

gastrin

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6
Q

what hormone Stimulates appetite and increases gastric emptying

A

Ghrelin

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7
Q

what hormone Inhibits gastric secretion and motility and increases
output of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas

A

Secretin

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8
Q

what hormone Stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to expel bile

A

Cholecystokinin

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9
Q

Inhibits gastric secretion and motility

A

Gastric inhibitory peptide

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10
Q

what is cephalic phase

A

sense of smell and sight

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11
Q

what does amylase do in the mouth?

A

helps to break down carbohydrates and lysozymes,
which help to inhibit bacterial growth in the mouth

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12
Q

Gallbladder stores _____which is produced
by the liver

A

bile

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13
Q

________ secretes digestive enzymes and
bicarbonate ions into the small intestine
during digestion

A

Pancreas

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14
Q

the large intestine contains the _____, rectum and anus

A

colon

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15
Q

Fibers that serve as a food supply for the
beneficial bacteria are called ________

A

prebiotics

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16
Q

The consumption of healthy beneficial
bacteria is referred to as _______

A

probiotics

17
Q

what is the role of the lymphatic system

A

Fluid balance
Immune function
Absorption of lipids

18
Q

________ reactions use energy to combine
molecules to form more complex substances

A

Anabolic

19
Q

___________ reactions release energy trapped in
chemical bonds

A

Catabolic

20
Q

___________ neutralizes stomach acid when it reaches the small intestine

A

bicarbonate

21
Q

______- suspends fat in water to aid fat digestion in small intestine

A

bile

22
Q

final digestion of all energy yielding nutrients

A

small intestine

23
Q

___________absorbs water and some minerals; storage of non-digestible remains

A

large intestine

24
Q

what produces bile

A

liver

25
Q

stores and release bile

A

gallbladder

26
Q

produces and releases enzymes and bicarbonate in the small intestine

A

pancreas

27
Q

fermentation- breakdown of CHO and protein _________ly

A

anaerobically

Advanced nutrition (15 decks)

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