lecture 3 Flashcards
process of breaking food into components small enough to be absorbed
digestion
Process of taking substances into the interior of the body
absorption
Hollow tube consisting of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus
gastrointestinal tract
Amount of time it takes food to pass the length of the GI
tract – ____ to ___days
2 to 3
what hormone Stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
gastrin
what hormone Stimulates appetite and increases gastric emptying
Ghrelin
what hormone Inhibits gastric secretion and motility and increases
output of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas
Secretin
what hormone Stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to expel bile
Cholecystokinin
Inhibits gastric secretion and motility
Gastric inhibitory peptide
what is cephalic phase
sense of smell and sight
what does amylase do in the mouth?
helps to break down carbohydrates and lysozymes,
which help to inhibit bacterial growth in the mouth
Gallbladder stores _____which is produced
by the liver
bile
________ secretes digestive enzymes and
bicarbonate ions into the small intestine
during digestion
Pancreas
the large intestine contains the _____, rectum and anus
colon
Fibers that serve as a food supply for the
beneficial bacteria are called ________
prebiotics
The consumption of healthy beneficial
bacteria is referred to as _______
probiotics
what is the role of the lymphatic system
Fluid balance
Immune function
Absorption of lipids
________ reactions use energy to combine
molecules to form more complex substances
Anabolic
___________ reactions release energy trapped in
chemical bonds
Catabolic
___________ neutralizes stomach acid when it reaches the small intestine
bicarbonate
______- suspends fat in water to aid fat digestion in small intestine
bile
final digestion of all energy yielding nutrients
small intestine
___________absorbs water and some minerals; storage of non-digestible remains
large intestine
what produces bile
liver
stores and release bile
gallbladder
produces and releases enzymes and bicarbonate in the small intestine
pancreas
fermentation- breakdown of CHO and protein _________ly
anaerobically
