alcohol Flashcards
Alcoholic beverages consist primarily of _____ _______ and ______
water, ethanol, and sugar
Definition of a drink: ___ fl oz of wine, 12 fl oz of beer, or
1.5 fl oz of distilled spirits
5
How is alcohol absorbed in the body?
simple diffusion
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) – peaks at _____minutes after drink – with more drinking, starts to accumulate in blood – estimate with breath samples
60
where does alcohol dehydrogenase occur in the body?
in the cystol of liver and stomach cells
Although ethanol resembles a carbohydrate, it is metabolized more like a ____
fat
About ____ of alcohol is absorbed in the stomach
20%
About 90% of the alcohol is metabolized by the _____, 5% is excreted into the urine, and the reminder is eliminated via the lungs
liver
in alcohol breakdown, acetaldehyde is toxic and degraded into _____
acetyl-CoA
the breakdown of alcohol releases acetaldehyde and can produce _____ but also results in inhibiting the TCA cycle which will limit the breakdown of acetyl-coA
ATP
there are ___ calories/gram alcohol
7
at 2 drinks the blood alcohol is at ______. impaired judgement, alterned mood, relaxed inhibition, increased heart rate
0.05
at what number of drinks and blood alcohol level would you have impaired coordination, delayed reaction time and impared peripheral vision?
4 drinks and a 0.10
At what bloold alcohol would 6 drinks be at? with unrestraiend behavior, slurred speech and blurred vision
0.15
how many drinks could put you in a coma? and what is the blood alcohol %?
12 and 0.30
When would you have double vision and inability to walk?
at 8 drinks and a 0.20
what could cause death and unconsciousness?
more than 14 drinks, 0.35 to 0.60
what does long term excessive alcohol consumption do?
it can cause malnutrition and interfere with nutrient absorption.
also causes liver damage, hepatitis and cirrhosis
what would be the definition of moderate drinking?
1 drink for women and 2 drinks for men per day
what is your chance od death within 4 years of having cirrhosis?
50%
what is the link beetween alcohol abuse and cirrhosis?
Build-up of acetaldehyde
Production of free radicals from alcohol metabolism
Alcohol inhibits body’s natural defenses against free radicals
Free radicals damage cell membranes and DNA
Advanced stages of liver damage are not reversible
