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Biology > Topic F (Plant Transport) > Flashcards

Topic F (Plant Transport) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation of photosynthesis?

A

6CO2+6H20 to C6H12O6+CO2

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2
Q

What is the formula of glucose?

A

C6H12O6

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3
Q

What is the main role of roots? (3)

A

1) Absorb water
2) Storage
3) Anchor plants in the soil

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4
Q

What is the main role of leaves? (1)

A

1)Carry out photosynthesis

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5
Q

What is the main role of stem? (2)

A

1) Transportation

2) Support for the plant

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6
Q

What is the function of xylem?

A

Transport water and dissolved mineral ions

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7
Q

What type of tube does xylem have?

A

Continuous tube

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8
Q

Describe the cells the xylem tube made out of?

A

Dead cells joined end to end with no end walls between them

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9
Q

What is the xylem’s cell wall made out of?

A

Lignin

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10
Q

Which way does the material move in a xylem?

A

One direction, from the roots to the stem and leaves

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11
Q

What is the function of phloem?

A

Transport food substances (mostly dissolved sugars)

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12
Q

What type of tube does phloem have?

A

Divided tube

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13
Q

Describe the cells the phloem tube made out of? Why?

A

Alive, otherwise sugar transport would stop

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14
Q

What material are cell wall made out of in phloem?

A

Celulose

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15
Q

Which way does the material move in a phloem?

A

Both direction. The sugar is made in leaves and transported for immediate use or for storage

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16
Q

How does the water get into the plant?

A

Through root hairs by osmosis

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17
Q

Where is the water passed from the root hair cell? Process?

A

Xylem, osmosis

18
Q

Transpirational pull

A

Suction of water through the xylem vessel due to negative pressure

19
Q

How does the water enter the leaf?

A

Through the mid rib

20
Q

What are the two ways the water is used in the leaves?

A

1) Photosynthesis

2) To keep the cells turgid, so they are stiff and can turn to face the sun

21
Q

How does water in the leaf get into the air? Process?

A

Through the stomata, by diffusion

22
Q

Transpiration

A

The process of loss of water in the leaves

23
Q

How does the shape of root hair cell help in the uptake of water?

A

Large surface area allows bigger uptake of water

24
Q

Transpirational stream

A

The continuous flow of water through the plant

25
Q

What cells surround the stomata?

A

Guard cells

26
Q

Turgid

A

Full of water

27
Q

What happens to the guard cells, when stoma is open?

A

They get turgid

28
Q

What will happen to the transpirational rate when the stoma is open?

A

The rate will increase due to the water loss

29
Q

Why do the guard cells close the stoma?

A

They become flaccid

30
Q

What happens to the rate of transpiration when stoma is closed?

A

Decreases as they is less water loss

31
Q

Why are stomata usually located on the underside of a leaf

A

No direct sunlight. Reduces water loss

32
Q

Under what conditions it is likely to find stomata open? (2)

A

1) Day - bright light

2) Well watered

33
Q

Under what conditions it is likely to find stomata closed?

A

1) Night - dark

2) Lack of water

34
Q

Describe the inner and the outer walls of the guard cells?

A

Inner - thickened

Outer - thin

35
Q

Why do stomata close at night

A

To stop the water loss, as no photosynthesis can happen

36
Q

What factors affect the rate of transpiration? (4)

A

1) Light intensity
2) Humidity
3) Wind speed
4) Temperature

37
Q

How does the light intensity affect the rate of transpiration?

A

Stomata is open in the light, therefore the presence of light increase the rate of transpiration

38
Q

How does humidity affect the rate of transpiration?

A

The air spaces outside saturated with water vapour. If the weather outside is dry the gradient is bigger. When the humidity is high the gradient is smaller and the transpiration slows down

39
Q

How does the wind speed affect the rate of transpiration?

A

As the wind speed increases the rate of transpiration increases. The water vapour outside the stomata is blown away increasing he gradient

40
Q

How does the temperature affect the rate of transpiration?

A

Increased temperature means the water vapour particles have more energy. This increases the rate of diffusion the rate of transpiration

Biology (13 decks)

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