Topic F (Plant Transport)

Question 1

What is the equation of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

6CO2+6H20 to C6H12O6+CO2

Question 2

What is the formula of glucose?

Answer 2

C6H12O6

Question 3

What is the main role of roots? (3)

Answer 3

1) Absorb water
2) Storage
3) Anchor plants in the soil

Question 4

What is the main role of leaves? (1)

Answer 4

1)Carry out photosynthesis

Question 5

What is the main role of stem? (2)

Answer 5

1) Transportation

2) Support for the plant

Question 6

What is the function of xylem?

Answer 6

Transport water and dissolved mineral ions

Question 7

What type of tube does xylem have?

Answer 7

Continuous tube

Question 8

Describe the cells the xylem tube made out of?

Answer 8

Dead cells joined end to end with no end walls between them

Question 9

What is the xylem’s cell wall made out of?

Answer 9

Lignin

Question 10

Which way does the material move in a xylem?

Answer 10

One direction, from the roots to the stem and leaves

Question 11

What is the function of phloem?

Answer 11

Transport food substances (mostly dissolved sugars)

Question 12

What type of tube does phloem have?

Answer 12

Divided tube

Question 13

Describe the cells the phloem tube made out of? Why?

Answer 13

Alive, otherwise sugar transport would stop

Question 14

What material are cell wall made out of in phloem?

Answer 14

Celulose

Question 15

Which way does the material move in a phloem?

Answer 15

Both direction. The sugar is made in leaves and transported for immediate use or for storage

Question 16

How does the water get into the plant?

Answer 16

Through root hairs by osmosis

Question 17

Where is the water passed from the root hair cell? Process?

Answer 17

Xylem, osmosis

Question 18

Transpirational pull

Answer 18

Suction of water through the xylem vessel due to negative pressure

Question 19

How does the water enter the leaf?

Answer 19

Through the mid rib

Question 20

What are the two ways the water is used in the leaves?

Answer 20

1) Photosynthesis

2) To keep the cells turgid, so they are stiff and can turn to face the sun

Question 21

How does water in the leaf get into the air? Process?

Answer 21

Through the stomata, by diffusion

Question 22

Transpiration

Answer 22

The process of loss of water in the leaves

Question 23

How does the shape of root hair cell help in the uptake of water?

Answer 23

Large surface area allows bigger uptake of water

Question 24

Transpirational stream

Answer 24

The continuous flow of water through the plant

Question 25

What cells surround the stomata?

Answer 25

Guard cells

Question 26

Turgid

Answer 26

Full of water

Question 27

What happens to the guard cells, when stoma is open?

Answer 27

They get turgid

Question 28

What will happen to the transpirational rate when the stoma is open?

Answer 28

The rate will increase due to the water loss

Question 29

Why do the guard cells close the stoma?

Answer 29

They become flaccid

Question 30

What happens to the rate of transpiration when stoma is closed?

Answer 30

Decreases as they is less water loss

Question 31

Why are stomata usually located on the underside of a leaf

Answer 31

No direct sunlight. Reduces water loss

Question 32

Under what conditions it is likely to find stomata open? (2)

Answer 32

1) Day - bright light | 2) Well watered

Question 33

Under what conditions it is likely to find stomata closed?

Answer 33

1) Night - dark | 2) Lack of water

Question 34

Describe the inner and the outer walls of the guard cells?

Answer 34

Inner - thickened | Outer - thin

Question 35

Why do stomata close at night

Answer 35

To stop the water loss, as no photosynthesis can happen

Question 36

What factors affect the rate of transpiration? (4)

Answer 36

1) Light intensity 2) Humidity 3) Wind speed 4) Temperature

Question 37

How does the light intensity affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 37

Stomata is open in the light, therefore the presence of light increase the rate of transpiration

Question 38

How does humidity affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 38

The air spaces outside saturated with water vapour. If the weather outside is dry the gradient is bigger. When the humidity is high the gradient is smaller and the transpiration slows down

Question 39

How does the wind speed affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 39

As the wind speed increases the rate of transpiration increases. The water vapour outside the stomata is blown away increasing he gradient

Question 40

How does the temperature affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 40

Increased temperature means the water vapour particles have more energy. This increases the rate of diffusion the rate of transpiration