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Biology > Topic A (Cells and Classification) > Flashcards

Topic A (Cells and Classification) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the five kingdoms?

A

1) Protoctist
2) Bacteria
3) Animals
4) Plants
5) Fungi

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2
Q

The animals kingdom split into to

A

1) Vertebrates

2) Invertebrates

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3
Q

Vertebrates

A

An category in animal kingdom with animals, which HAVE a backbone

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4
Q

Invertebrates

A

An category in animal kingdom with animals, which DON’T HAVE a backbone

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5
Q

Vertebrates split into 5 more categories

A

1) Birds
2) Mammals
3) Fish
4) Amphibians
5) Reptiles

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6
Q

Features of Birds (4)

A

1) Feathers
2) Constant body temperature
3) Lungs
4) Eggs with hard shell

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7
Q

Features Mammals (4)

A

1) Hair/Fur
2) Constant body temperature
3) Lungs
4) Live young

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8
Q

Features of Fish (4)

A

1) Scales
2) Variable body temperature
3) Gills
4) Eggs in water

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9
Q

Features of Amphibians (4)

A

1) Moist skin
2) Variable body temperature
3) Lungs
4) Eggs in water

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10
Q

Features of reptiles (4)

A

1) Scales
2) Variable body temperature
3) Lungs
4) Eggs with hard shell

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11
Q

List 7 group names staring with bigger groups

A

1) Kingdom
2) Phylum
3) Class
4) Order
5) Family
6) Genus
7) Species

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12
Q

Which letter do I use to write down Species?

A

SMALL

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13
Q

Describe cells in a plant

A

Multicellular

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14
Q

What are the cell walls in a plant made out of?

A

Cellulose

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15
Q

What are carbohydrates stored as in a plant?

A

Starch or sucrose

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16
Q

Describe cells in an animal

A

Multicellular

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17
Q

What is the name of coordinating system, which allows movement in an animal?

A

Nervous

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18
Q

What are carbohydrates stores as in an animal?

A

Glycogen

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19
Q

Describe cells in a bacteria

A

Unicellular

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20
Q

What important part in absent from bacteria?

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

What kingdom doesn’t have DNA?

A

Bacteria

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22
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism made up of one single cell

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23
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism made up of more than one cell

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24
Q

Autotrophic

A

An organism that is able to produce its own food

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25
Q

Saprotrophic

A

An organism that feeds on dead or decaying material

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26
Q

Heterotrophic

A

An organism that feed on other organisms

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27
Q

Pathogen

A

An organism which causes disease

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28
Q

Give examples of what can be a pathogen (4)

A

1) Bacteria
2) Fungi
3) Protoctists
4) Virus

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29
Q

Virus

A

Non living particle. It is only active inside cells of other living organisms

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30
Q

What do animal and plant cell have in common? (4)

A

1) Nucleus
2) Cell membrane
3) Cytoplasm
4) Mitochondrion

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31
Q

What do animal and plant cell have different?

A

1) Vacuole (plant)
2) Chloroplast (plant)
3) Cell wall (plant)

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32
Q

Which layer is cell membrane?

A

Inner layer

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33
Q

Nucleus (2)

A

1) Contains DNA

2) Controls the cell

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34
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls the entry and exit to and from the cell

35
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Releases energy

36
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Site of cell reactions

37
Q

Vacuole (2)

A

Stores water and maintains shape

38
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides protection and support

39
Q

Chloroplast (2)

A

1) Contains chlorophyll

2) Site of photosynthesis

40
Q

Give a kingdom and an example for:

A unicellular with a nucleus cell with temporary vacuoles

A

Protoctist - Amoeba

41
Q

Give a kingdom for:

An extremely small, with no actual structures, protein coat and DNA

A

Virus

42
Q

Give a kingdom and an example for:

Chitin cell walls, cell membrane, nucleus

A

Fungi - Yeast

43
Q

Give a kingdom for:

Plasmid DNA, cell wall, cell membrane, circular chromosome

A

Bacteria

44
Q

Adaptations of a red blood cell (3)

A

1) Large surface area - biconcave disk
2) Thin membrane
3) No nucleus

45
Q

Why Large surface area is an important adaptation for red blood cells?

A

To absorb and release as much oxygen as possible

46
Q

Why Thin membrane is an important adaptation for red blood cells?

A

Flexible, to squeeze through narrow capillaries

47
Q

Why no nucleus is an important adaptation for red blood cells?

A

No nucleus, so more haemoglobin can fit

48
Q

Adaptations of sperm cell (3)

A

1) Tail
2) Release dissolving enzymes from the tip of the head
3) Contain many mitochondria

49
Q

Haploid

A

Contain half of the DNA

50
Q

Why Tail is an important adaptation for a sperm cell?

A

Moves itself to the egg

51
Q

Why releasing enzymes is an important adaptation for a sperm cell?

A

Digest the pathway into the egg cell

52
Q

Why many mitochondria is an important adaptation for a sperm cell?

A

Releases as much energy as possible to move quicker

53
Q

Adaptation of cilia?

A

Continually flicker and move

54
Q

Why movement of cilia is an important adaptation for a ciliated cell?

A

They can move mucus, dirt out of the lungs

55
Q

Why ciliated cells located in the trachea?

A

Keep it clear

56
Q

Why ciliated cells located in the oviducts?

A

Move the egg

57
Q

Adaptations of Mesophyll cells? (2)

A

1) Contain lots of chloroplast

2) Positioned in the upper part of the leaf

58
Q

Why chloroplast is an important adaptation for a mesophyll cell?

A

Can produce own food by photosynthesis

59
Q

Why positioning in the upper part of the leaf is an important adaptation for a mesophyll cell?

A

Can absorb maximum sunlight

60
Q

List 7 features of a living organism

A

Movement, Reproduction, Sensitivity, Growth, Respiration, Excretion, Nutrition

61
Q

Arrange units of matter from smallest to largest (7)

A

Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System

62
Q

Give an example of an Atom

A

Hydrogen

63
Q

Give an example of a Molecule

A

Water

64
Q

Give an example of an Organelle

A

Nucleus

65
Q

Give an example of a Cell

A

Red blood cell

66
Q

Give an example of a Tissue

A

Muscle

67
Q

Give an example of an Organ

A

Brain

68
Q

Give an example of an Organ System

A

Digestive system

69
Q

Atom

A

Smallest unit of matter, not changed by chemical reactions

70
Q

Molecule

A

Group of atoms bonded together, changed by chemical reactions

71
Q

Organelle

A

Part of a cell, performs a function in a cell

72
Q

Cell

A

Smallest part that can do all the basic activities of life

73
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells all doing one job

74
Q

Organ

A

Significant part of the body, made of several tissues, performs a job for the body

75
Q

Organ systems

A

Group of organs performing a major job for the body

76
Q

Respiration

A

Obtaining energy from food, occurs in all cells all the time, a chemical reaction

77
Q

Equation for respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 to 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

78
Q

Growth

A

Irreversible increase of mass

79
Q

Excretion

A

Getting rid of waste products

80
Q

Reproduction

A

Generation of new individuals

81
Q

Movement

A

The act of moving from one position to another

82
Q

Sensitivity

A

The ability to respond to a stimulus

83
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6CO2 + 6H2O in the presence of light to C6H12O6 + O2

Biology (13 decks)

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