Topic 8 (Detraining)

Question 1

Detraining is the _________ or ________ of training

Answer 1

reduction or stopping

Question 2

Reduction in physiological _______ and FIT

Answer 2

stimuli

Question 3

After training previously sedentary individuals for 6-10 weeks at low intensity, followed by detraining, pre-training levels took _-__ weeks to return
Similarly at moderate intensity, it took _ months to return to pre-training levels

Answer 3

8-10
3

Question 4

Coyle et al
highly trained, long term (10 yrs) endurance athletes undergo 84 days of detraining
Results: Early _____ decline in ___max (eventually levels off). ___max decline explained by __ decline. Higher _____ volume and __ for expanded individuals (those with infused blood), but lower __ b/c of the higher __.

Answer 4

rapid, VO2
VO2, SV
blood, SV
HR, SV

Question 5

Coyle et al takeaway:
Detraining causes ______ work to tougher, b/c the lower _____ volume and __ haven’t rebounded yet.

Answer 5

submax
blood, SV

Question 6

After 12 weeks detraining, Mitochondrial enzyme level is still __% above sedentary control level. Additionally, high muscle capillary density retained. Reflects that some ___________ is still preserved during detraining.

Answer 6

50%
performance

Question 7

Once desired VO2max is achieved it can be maintained at reduced ___________ and _________, but not reduced _________.

Answer 7

frequencies and durations
intensity

Question 8

Hickson et al
VO2max maintained up to 15 weeks if _________ is unchanged. If _________ is reduced, then VO2max declines significantly. Reflects that _________ is the key factor in maintaining CV fitness.

Answer 8

intensity
intensity
intensity

Question 9

Retraining
short term pretraining before becoming sedentary doesn’t enhance one’s ______ to training.
Long term trained individuals return to trained levels more _______.

Answer 9

return
rapidly

Question 10

Muscular Strength
Hakkinen et al
24 wk strength training in previously untrained middle aged men
- thigh strength _________
- hypertrophy _________
- EMG activation _________
after 3 wks detraining
- strength & EMG _________
- __ change in hypertrophy
24 wks detraining
- ________ in 1 RM
- No further loss in EMG
- significant ____ in hypertrophy

Answer 10

increased
increased
increased
decreased
no
decrease
loss

Question 11

Staron et al
20 wks of leg strength training in college aged females
- ________ in 1 RM leg press & leg extension
- ________ in hypertrophy
30 wks detraining
- significant ____ in strength
- __ significant loss in hypertrophy

Answer 11

increase
increase
loss
no

Question 11

Detraining for period of time equal to the time spent training results in ____________ losses in muscular ________. This is due to ______ changes.

Answer 11

significant
strength
neural

Question 12

Tucci et al
12 wks of strength training in active, but untrained men and women split between 3 groups
12 wks no training
- ____ in muscular strength
12 wks training once every 2 wks
- no significant ____ of strength
12 wks training once every 4 wks
-no significant ____ of strength
Takeaway: ________ gains can be maintained with _ session per week if _________ is maintained.

Answer 12

loss
loss
loss
strength
1
intensity

Question 13

Unloading
losses are _______ than detraining
Examples: zero gravity, bed rest, hindlimb unloading

Answer 13

greater

Question 14

Muscular Endurance Detraining
Changes in mitochondrial enzymes, capillary density
Changes are more _____ than changes in muscular strength

Answer 14

rapid

Question 15

Order these in terms of how fast they diminish with training
CV fitness, muscle strength, muscle endurance

Answer 15

1) CV fitness
2) muscular endurance
3) muscular strength

Question 16

Flexibility
reversable - wks after cessation
usually reported as loss of function

Answer 16

4-8

Question 17

Bone health
Osteoporosis (bones become more ______ or less dense) predisposed to injury

Answer 17

porous

Question 18

Wolff’s Law: bone density is ________ proportional to the stress placed upon the bone. Weightbearing bones are ____ suspectable to losses than non-weightbearing bones.

Answer 18

directly
more

Question 19

Dalsky et al
Training 35 post-menopausal women, followed by 8 months detraining
significant loss in ____ density

Answer 19

bone

Question 20

Vuori et al
training young, healthy women for 1 yr of leg press
- significant ________ in strength
- _____ bone mass density increase
Takeaway: those who already have higher bone mass density aren’t likely to see significant increases

Answer 20

increase
small

Question 21

Best rest/space flight changes
-up to _% of bone density of the vertebral column lost per week
-loss of bone mineral content
- takes _x as long to recover

Answer 21

1%
2x

Question 22

Between cancellous/porous/trabecular bone type and cortical/compact bone type, which is more predisposed to traumatic loss due to bed rest?

Answer 22

cortical/compact

Question 23

high-impact physical activity and resistance training _______ BMD.

Answer 23

improve

Question 24

Bed rest
- not common recovery anymore, more emphasis now on ________.
-strength can _______ by 1-1.5% per day after strict bed rest.
-cast immobilization: 40% ________ loss first week.

Answer 24

activity
decrease
strength

Question 25

selective atrophy
list these in order of which diminishes first?
fast twitch muscle fibers, slow twitch muscle fibers, antigravity muscles.
antigravity muscles lose contractile ________ and scar tissue increases.

Answer 25

1) fast twitch
2) antigravity
3) slow twitch
proteins

Question 26

After 3-4 weeks of bed rest, resting HR __________. HR response to submaximal exercises after bed rest was 30-40 bpm higher.
Stroke volume response to submaximal exercises after bed rest decreased by __%.

Answer 26

increased
30%

Question 27

Bed rest leads to the shift of blood volume to the ____. Orthostatic intolerance (body’s inability to regulate BP and HR properly moving from lying position to standing) after - days of bed rest. May take _x as long to return to normal.

Answer 27

core
3-4
2x

Question 28

Prehabilitation: improve functional capacity and physical fitness ______ bed rest/detraining/immobilization. better able to return to functional capacity sooner.

Answer 28

before