Topic 15 (Exercise Compliance)

Question 1

compliance - ___________ to follow prescribed treatment plan
adherence - ___________ to specified behavior

Answer 1

willingness
commitment

Question 2

Primary factors to non-compliance
1) cigarette smoking
2) ____ collar employment
3) ________ during leisure time
4) inactive occupation
The first 3 factors would result in a __% non-compliance
Additional factors
Age - compliance _________ with age
Gender - unknown relationship
Marital status - unknown relationship; however, support is key
Education - higher level academics generally correlates to a ______ level of physical activity
Environment - weather, crowding, etc.

Answer 2

2) blue
3) inactive
95%
decreases
higher

Question 3

Psychological Theories
1) ________ modification
- setting _____, determining confidence
- signing _________
- encouraging social _______
- receive feedback, counseling
2) ______ cognitive theory
- assessing ________ and perception of ability (self-_________) to succeed in order to identify barriers to change
3) Transtheoretical Model (_________ to change)
- starts with precontemplation (denial), followed by contemplation (somewhat open to change), planning preparation (near future), action (taper unrealistic expectations), maintenance, termination
4) __________ Approach
- starts with preparation, followed by shaping, goal-setting (measurable/realistic), reinforcement, stimulus control (setting reminders/routine times), contracting, cognitive strategies

Answer 3

1) behavior
goals, contracts, support
2) social
beliefs, self-efficacy
3) readiness
4) integrated

Question 4

Integrated approach continued
- Maintenance: adapt to changing environments/strategies, social support, ____-management skills, _______ prevention (will happen regardless), support from MD or primary care physician, “practice what you preach”

Answer 4

self-management, relapse

Question 5

Population Specific Barriers
- women: _________ cycle, pregnancy, children, self-confidence
- elderly: earn the “right” to do nothing, lack of ______ support, difficulty coming to terms with aging, medical conditions, living on a _____ income
- Obesity: self-confidence, discouraging physical limitations
- Disabilities: physical restrictions, social support

Answer 5

menstrual
social, fixed

Question 6

Summary
- _________ is the most crucial problem facing the exercise professional; look at _______ of exercise (ex. recent exercise involvement/physical activity during leisure time)
- Exercise non-adherence: smoking, demographic factors, socioeconomic factors
- Good program factors for predicting adherence: convenience, social support, program leadership (setting good examples, proper listening)
- Promote adherence: don’t overdo _________, create “perceived” choice, cognitive dissociation (treating exercise as a stress reliever), make it enjoyable

Answer 6

Adherence, history
intensity

Question 7

Conn et al
- trying different interventions to promote exercise, substantial study size (99,000)
- most encouraging preventions: __________ modification/intervention (contracts, setting goals, self-monitoring, 1-1 interaction between trainer and client) was found to be more useful than _________ theory (belief based, self-efficacy, measured confidence)

Answer 7

behavior, cognitive